http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/contents_list.asp?issue=202502 zh-cn An RSS feed for Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.001 ObjectiveTo explore the changes of cerebral perfusion in premature infants with postmenstrual age (PMA) and the differences in cerebral perfusion between premature infants and normal full-term infants at term equivalent age (TEA) based on multidelay arterial spin labeling (MDASL). Materials and MethodsProspective data collection included 36 premature infants (gestational age < 37 weeks) and 18 normal full-term infants (gestational age ≥ 37 weeks), of which 18 premature infants with TEA were matched with 14 normal full-term infants in terms of PMA. All subjects underwent conventional MRI and MDASL scanning at 3.0 T GE premier. MDASL generated cerebral blood flow (CBF) images from 7 different postlabeling delays (PLD) through 8 acquisitions. The original images were processed by functool software to obtain arterial transit times (ATT) and transit time–corrected cerebral blood flow (tCBF) images. Linear regression was used to analyze the trend of tCBF changes with PMA in premature infants and normal full-term infants, and independent sample t-test was used to analyze the differences in tCBF and ATT between premature infants and full-term infants with TEA. ResultsThe tCBF of all regions (except the pons) of normal full-term and premature infants increased with the increase of PMA (P < 0.05), among which the tCBF of the cerebellar hemisphere changed the most. The change of the cerebellar hemisphere in normal full-term infants (b = 0.829, P < 0.05) was greater than that in premature infants (b = 0.518, P < 0.05). Compared with normal full-term infants, the tCBF of premature infants with TEA was significantly higher in frontal white matter, temporal white matter, occipital white matter, frontal cortex, occipital cortex, lenticular nucleus, caudate nucleus, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellar hemisphere and pons (P < 0.05). ATT in frontal cortex, thalamus and hippocampus of normal full-term infants was longer than that of premature TEA infants (P < 0.05). ConclusionsMDASL can more accurately show the regional differences in cerebral perfusion between premature infants and normal full-term infants and the spatiotemporal trajectory of early brain development. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.002 ObjectiveTo quantitatively assess the cerebral blood flow (CBF) values of preterm infants delivered by hypertensive pregnant women during pregnancy using three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-pCASL) imaging, and to investigate the potential association between CBF and inflammatory factor levels and Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) scores in preterm infants. Materials and MethodsThe present study prospectively analyzed 80 preterm infants attending our hospital from July 2023 to June 2024, who were divided into a case group (40 cases) and a control group (40 cases) based on whether their mothers suffered from gestational hypertension or not. Conventional MRI and 3D-pCASL sequence scans were performed in both groups, and the CBF values of each brain region were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the CBF values and inflammatory factors and NBNA scores was analyzed. ResultsCBF values and inflammatory factor levels in several brain regions of preterm infants born to hypertensive mothers during pregnancy were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05), whereas NBNA scores were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). CBF values in the left frontal lobe, right temporal lobe, left parietal lobe, bilateral basal ganglia regions and thalamus showed some positive correlation with calcitoninogen ( r = 0.399, 0.469, 0.482, 0.535, 0.606, 0.692, 0.689, P < 0.05), and CBF values in the bilateral basal ganglia regions and thalamus showed a negative correlation with NBNA scores (r = -0.395, -0.429, -0.414, -0.438, P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe 3D-pCASL technique can non-invasively assess the CBF values of preterm infants with gestational hypertension in mothers, and elevated CBF values may be associated with poor prognosis of preterm infants with gestational hypertension in mothers, which will help in early diagnosis of brain dysplasia in their preterm infants and interventional treatment. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.003 ObjectiveTo develop and validate a deep learning (DL) model for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with glioma based on T2WI. Materials and MethodsMRI and clinical data from 345 patients diagnosed with glioma across three centers were collected. Nine DL models were established to predict PFS, and their performance was validated using an external test set. The best model was determined by the C-index, and the performances of these models were compared. Patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on risk score cutoff values calculated from the training set, and differences in PFS between these groups were assessed. ResultsThe training and test sets consisted of 249 and 96 patients, respectively. Compared with other DL models, the Wide ResNet50-2 DL model performed best, achieving C-indexes of 0.694 and 0.714 in the training and test sets, respectively. A combined model incorporating both clinical and DL features showed the highest performance, with C-indexes of 0.724 and 0.795 in the training and external test sets, respectively. ConclusionsA DL model based on preoperative MRI can predict PFS in patients with glioma and may serve as a preoperative risk stratification tool. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.004 ObjectiveTo explore the value of 2.5D convolutional neural networks (CNN) based on T2WI, DWI, and enhanced T1WI sequences in distinguishing meningiomas from other similar-appearing tumors. Materials and MethodsA total of 674 cases with histopathologically confirmed meningiomas and non-meningiomas with similar imaging features were retrospectively collected from three hospitals (A, B, and C). Among them, 414 cases from hospital A (meningiomas, n = 178; non-meningiomas, n = 236) were used as the training set, 95 cases from hospital B (meningiomas, n = 41; non-meningiomas, n = 54) were used as the test set, and 165 cases from hospital C (meningiomas, n = 78; non-meningiomas: n = 87) were used as the validation set. All cases were classified into five categories: solitary fibrous tumor/ hemangiopericytoma (Class_0), meningioma (Class_1), lymphoma (Class_2), metastatic tumor (Class_3), and cartilage-derived and other similar-appearing tumors (Class_4). A Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) model was constructed based on MRI features, and three types of 2.5D CNN, namely ResNet50, DenseNet169, and ResNext50_32x4d, were developed using the input MRI images. After a comprehensive comparison of the performance of these models, the optimal model was selected. Six radiologists with varying levels of experience (two at each level of junior, intermediate, and senior) independently diagnosed cases in the validation set to assess the consistency of the optimal model^,s diagnostic outcomes with those of radiologists with different levels of experience. ResultsAmong the four multi-class diagnostic models, ResNext50_32x4d was determined to be the optimal model, with accuracies of 86.7%, 82.1%, and 80.6% in the training, test, and validation sets, respectively. Six radiologists with varying levels of diagnostic experience (designed as Radiologist A through Radiologist F) achieved accuracies of 61.2%, 66.3%, 72.1%, 77.9%, 80.1% and 83.2% in thevalidation set, respectively. The optimal model showed better consistency with the diagnostic outcomes of the two senior radiologists, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of 0.735 and 0.862, respectively. ConclusionsThe developed 2.5D CNN model based on multi-sequences MRI has good classification and prediction performance in the differential diagnosis of meningiomas, providing valuable reference for distinguishing meningiomas from other brain tumors. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.005 ObjectiveTo explore the application value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR-FT) technology inassessing the changes in myocardial mechanical function before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients. Materials and MethodsA total of 35 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were selected, and 35 healthy volunteers were recruited as a control group. Both groups underwent CMR-FT examination, with myocardial mechanical function measured using united imaging healthcare^,s artificial intelligence technology and manually calibrated. CMR-FT was used to analyze the myocardial mechanical function of the left ventricle and obtain relevant parameters. To analyze the normality of variables using the Shapiro-Wilk test, variables that do not follow a normal distribution (circumferential displacement, circumferential velocity, circumferential strain rate, short-axis radial displacement, short-axis radial strain rate, longitudinal velocity, longitudinal strain rate, and longitudinal radial strain rate) should undergo the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for inter-group differences. Variables that follow a normal distribution (circumferential strain, short-axis radial velocity, short-axis radial strain, longitudinal displacement, longitudinal strain, long-axis radial displacement, long-axis radial velocity, and long-axis radial strain) should undergo the paired-samples t-test for inter-group differences. ResultsIn the comparison between pre- and post-CABG patients, short-axis radial strain, longitudinal strain, and long-axis radial strain were significantly greater before surgery than after, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In the comparison between post-CABG patients and the normal control group, circumferential strain, short-axis radial strain, short-axis radial strain rate, longitudinal strain, long-axis radial velocity, and long-axis radial strain were significantly greater in the control group than in post-operative patients, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The results indicate that there has been no significant improvement in myocardial mechanical function following the surgery. ConclusionsCMR-FT can accurately assess changes in myocardial mechanical function in patients before and after CABG,It has important clinical significance for guiding personalized treatment and improving patient prognosis. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.006 ObjectiveTo construct a radiomics model based on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and evaluate its diagnostic value for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 165 breast cancer patients, who were divided into a non-TNBC group (120 cases) and a TNBC group (45 cases) based on pathological results. All patients underwent preoperative DCE-MRI and DKI scans. The patients were randomly split into a training set (n = 132) and a test set (n = 33) at a ratio of 8∶2. A three-dimensional (3D) region of interest (ROI) was delineated in the lesion area from the phase Ⅱ DCE-MRI images, the mean kurtosis (MK) map, and the mean diffusivity (MD) map, and radiomics features were extracted. Feature reduction and selection were performed using K-best, maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithms. Logistic regression (LR) classifiers were used to build the phase Ⅱ DCE model, DKI parameter map models (MD, MK, MD+MK), and the combined model (DCE-MRI+MD+MK). The stability of the models was validated using five-fold cross-validation. The models^, predictive performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC), and statistical differences between models were analyzed using the DeLong test. Finally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to assess the clinical utility of the radiomics models. ResultsA total of 2286 radiomics features were extracted from the 3D ROIs of each sequence. From the Phase Ⅱ DCE-MRI, MD+MK, MD, MK, and DCE-MRI+MD+MK sequences, 8, 9, 12, 7, and 21 features were selected, respectively, that were associated with TNBC. The AUCs of the Phase Ⅱ DCE-MRI model, MD+MK model, MD model, and MK model in the test set were 0.810, 0.769, 0.676, and 0.625, respectively. The combined model (DCE-MRI+MD+MK) achieved an AUC of 0.884 in the test set, with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 78.8%, 79.2%, and 77.8%, respectively. Finally, a nomogram model was developed by integrating clinical features with radiomics features. The results indicated that the radiomics combined model (DCE-MRI+MD+MK) outperformed the MD+MK model, MD model, MK models, and Phase Ⅱ DCE-MRI model, but there was no statistically significant difference in AUC and DCA between the combined model and the nomogram model (P > 0.05), suggesting that the radiomics combined model (DCE-MRI+MD+MK) can provide diagnostic performance similar to that of the nomogram model in clinical practice. ConclusionsThe radiomics combined model (DCE-MRI+MD+MK) based on DCE-MRI and DKI parameter maps, as well as the nomogram model, can effectively predict TNBC preoperatively, helping clinicians in diagnosing TNBC, formulating treatment plans, and improving prognosis. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.007 ObjectiveTo investigate the radiomics prediction of Glypican-3 (GPC3) positive expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) MRI. Materials and MethodsThe clinical indicators, MRI plain scan and enhanced imaging data of 126 HCC patients with GPC3 positive (77 cases) and negative (49 cases) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from January 2016 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The clinical indicators included age, gender, hepatitis B infection, hepatitis B core antibody, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125). The patients received hepatectomy or needle biopsy, and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI was performed within one month before the operation. Manually delineate the three-dimensional volume of interest of the lesion on five sequences of arterial phase AP, portal venous phase PVP, transitional phase TP, hepatobiliary phase HBP, and T2 weighted imaging T2WI in the transverse axis of MRI images, and extract the radiomics features of the lesion. After Pearson correlation analysis feature screening, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression feature dimensionality reduction was performed to construct logistic regression models for clinical indicators, single sequences, and multiple sequences. Clinical indicators were combined with feature subsets from multiple sequence omics to construct a comprehensive nomogram for predicting GPC3 positive expression in HCC. Perform calibration curves to validate the comprehensive model of clinical indicators combined with multi-sequence omics, and use decision curve analysis to evaluate clinical utility. ResultsThe infection of AFP and hepatitis B in the clinical indicators was independently related to the positive expression of GPC3. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the clinical indicator model training set is 0.827 (95% CI: 0.742 to 0.913), while the AUC for the test set is 0.779 (95% CI: 0.632 to 0.925). The radiomics models based on single-sequence MRI, including AP, PVP, TP, HBP, and T2WI sequences, demonstrate moderate predictive performance, with AUC values for the training set of 0.804 (95% CI: 0.713 to 0.894), 0.801 (95% CI: 0.711 to 0.892), 0.796 (95% CI: 0.706 to 0.887), 0.761 (95% CI: 0.660 to 0.863), 0.733 (95% CI: 0.620 to 0.845), respectively. The AUC values for the test set are 0.724 (95% CI: 0.555 to 0.894), 0.755 (95% CI: 0.597 to 0.912), 0.770 (95% CI: 0.619 to 0.920), 0.782 (95% CI: 0.610 to 0.947), 0.730 (95% CI: 0.561 to 0.900), respectively. The multi-sequence MRI radiomics model has an AUC value of 0.930 (95% CI: 0.879 to 0.981) for the training set and 0.870 (95% CI: 0.751 to 0.989) for the test set. The combined clinical indicators and multi-sequence radiomics comprehensive model shows good predictive performance, with an AUC value of 0.958 (95% CI: 0.919 to 0.997) for the training set and 0.903 (95% CI: 0.808 to 0.998) for the test set, a sensitivity of 86.4%, and a specificity of 86.7%. The calibration curve showed that the predicted GPC3 status was in good consistency with the actual GPC3 states. Decision curve analysis shows that the comprehensive model has good clinical practicality. ConclusionsA preoperative comprehensive nomogram based on clinical indicators and multi-sequence MRI radiomics can non-invasively and effectively predict GPC3 positive expression in HCC. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.008 ObjectiveTo explore the value of intratumoral and different peritumoral radiomics features based on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), as well as clinical imaging factors, in preoperative prediction of the pathological grade of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC). Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and preoperative MRI data of 197 patients with IMCC confirmed by postoperative pathology. The region of interest (ROI) of the tumor was delineated on axial T2WI and DWI images, and extended outward by 3 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm respectively to obtain peritumoral ROIs of different ranges. Radiomics features were extracted by PyRadiomics. Features were screened through homogeneity of variance test, independent sample t-test, recursive feature elimination algorithm and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Logistic regression (LR) classifier and 5-fold cross-validation method were used for modeling and verification. Clinical imaging model, intratumoral omics model, peritumoral omics model, intratumoral + peritumoral omics model, dual-sequence fusion model and multimodal combined model were established. The predictive efficacies of each of the above models were compared to select the best model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the performance of the model. DeLong test was used to compare the differences in AUC. Calibration curve was used to evaluate the fitting ability of the model, and decision curve was used to assess the clinical value of the model. ResultsIn the peritumoral omics models, the DWI 3 mm model shows the best performance, with AUCs of 0.836 and 0.777 in the training set and validation set respectively. Gender, age, lesion location, and vascular involvement are independent predictors of the pathological grade of IMCC. The AUCs of the clinical imaging model in the training set and validation set are 0.658 and 0.614 respectively. The intratumoral + 3 mm peritumoral 3 mm model has the best predictive efficacy, with AUCs of 0.892 and 0.814 in the training set and validation set respectively, which is superior to the dual-sequence fusion model and the multimodal combined model. ConclusionsThe intratumoral + 3 mm peritumoral radiomics model based on DWI sequence shows the best predictive ability. It can noninvasively predict the pathological grade of IMCC before surgery and provide theoretical guidance for clinical treatment decisions. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.009 ObjectiveTo investigate the value of multiple quantitative parameters of magnetic resonance diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in predicting tumor budding (TB) grade of rectal cancer. Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of data from 113 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative 3.0 T MR examination and were confirmed by surgical pathology, including 75 patients in low-medium grade TB group and 38 patients in high grade TB group. The diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and DKI quantitative parameter values of the lesions in two groups were recorded, including the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, fractional anisotropy (FA) value, mean diffusivity (MD) value, mean kurtosis (MK) value. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) test was used to evaluate the measurement consistency of each parameter value between two observers. The independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences between the two groups of parameters, and the diagnostic performances of single parameter and combined parameters were evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The DeLong test was used to compare the performance of each parameter. ResultsThe agreement between the two observers for each parameter value was good (ICC > 0.75). The MK value of the low-medium grade group was 0.762 ± 0.127, which was lower than the high grade group with the value of 0.962 ± 0.120. The ADC and MD values of the low-medium grade groups were 1.157 (1.043, 1.317) × 10^-3 mm²/s and (1.377 ± 0.265) μm²/ms, which were all higher than those of the high grade group with the value of 0.964 (0.869, 1.069) × 10^-3 mm²/s and (1.114 ± 0.135) μm²/ms, respectively, the difference of each parameter was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in FA values between the two groups. The areas under the curve (AUC) of ADC, MD and MK values in predicting TB grade were 0.805, 0.816, 0.880, with the sensitivities of 73.7%, 92.1%, 76.3%, and the specificities of 78.7%, 68.0%, 86.7%, respectively. The diagnostic performance of MK value was better than ADC and MD values (P < 0.05). The AUC values of the combined parameters ranged from 0.826 to 0.881, and there was no statistically significant difference in AUC value compared to the MK value. ConclusionsThe DKI quantitative parameters MK and MD demonstrated significant utility in the non-invasive preoperative prediction of TB status in rectal cancer, thereby assisting clinicians in formulating tailored treatment strategies for patients. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.010 ObjectiveTo investigate the value of applying pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) on renal impairment and staging in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with or without hypertension. Materials and MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers (HV), 34 non- hypertension CKD patients (CN), and 36 hypertension CKD patients (CH) were prospectively analyzed. The CKD patients were further categorized into stage 1-2 and stage 3-5 patients based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Subjects completed pCASL scans, and cortical and medullary renal blood flow (cRBF and mRBF) were measured. Differences in right and left side renal renal blood flow (RBF) values, cRBF and mRBF values were compared separately using paired t-tests. Adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI) as covariates, differences in RBF values between subgroups were compared using covariance (ANCOVA) test. The diagnostic value of renal RBF values for renal injury was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Spearman^,s correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between renal function indexes and RBF values in CKD patients. ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the RBF values of the left and right side kidneys (P > 0.05), and the cRBF values of the kidneys in all three groups was greater than the mRBF values (P < 0.05). The overall difference in the RBF values of the HV group, the CN 1-2 stage group, and the CN 3-5 stage group was statistically significant (cRBF: F = 18.423, P < 0.001; mRBF: F = 12.026, P < 0.001), and further two-by-two intergroup comparisons using Bonferroni method showed that except the mRBF values of HV group and CN 1-2 were not statistically significant (P > 0.05), the differences among other subgroups were statistically significant (P < 0.05); the overall difference in RBF values between the HV, CH 1-2 and CH 3-5 stage group was also statistically significant (cRBF: F = 12.452, P < 0.001; mRBF: F = 16.153, P < 0.001). The RBF values of the HV group and the CH 1-2 stage group were also higher than those of the CH 3-5 stage group. The differences in RBF values between the HV group and CH 1-2 group were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). cRBF and mRBF differentiated between HV and CN with AUCs of 0.794 and 0.715, sensitivities of 52.90% and 41.20%, and specificities of 95.00% and 100.00%; whereas differentiated between HV and CH with AUCs of 0.740 and 0.726, sensitivities of 58.30% and 47.20%, and specificities of 85.00% and 100.00%. Correlation analysis showed that all RBF values were positively correlated with eGFR and negatively correlated with serum creatinine and CKD stage. ConclusionspCASL can be used to diagnose CKD and provide a new imaging reference index for the staging of the disease, in which the perfusion indexes in patients with combined hypertension have a better correlation with the renal function indexes, suggesting that the factor of the presence or absence of hypertension should be considered when applying pCASL to quantify the renal perfusion values. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.011 ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) combined with multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) used in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 105 patients with suspected PCa and pathological findings were selected, prostate specific antigen (PSA) detection and mp-MRI were performed before surgery. Based on pathological results and Gleason score, patients were divided into csPCa and non-csPCa groups. Parameters of mp-MRI including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), Begin time of enhancement (T0), Brevity of enhancement, wash in rate (WIR) and PSAD were compared between the two groups, combined diagnostic models were constructed by binary logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter and model for csPCa. ResultsThe ADC and T0 in csPCa group were lower than those in non-csPCa group, while the PSAD, WIR and Brevity of enhancement were opposite, and all differences reach statistical significance (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of csPCa in PSAD, ADC and WIR were 0.902 (0.829 to 0.952), 0.890 (0.814 to 0.942) and 0.812 (0.724 to 0.882) respectively with higher diagnostic efficacy, the clinical diagnostic boundaries were 0.47 ng/(mL·cm³), 0.82 × 10^-3 mm²/s, 50.33 s^-1, the sensitivities were 79.1%, 67.4%, 100.0%, and the specificities were 100.0%, 100.0% and 54.8%, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of any two and multi-parameter combined diagnosis of csPCa by WIR, PSAD and ADC: WIR + PSAD 0.929 (0.862 to 0.970), 83.7%, 96.8%; ADC + PSAD 0.940 (0.877 to 0.977), 90.7%, 91.9%; WIR + ADC 0.935 (0.870 to 0.974), 79.1%, 95.2%; WIR + PSAD + ADC 0.955 (0.896 to 0.986), 90.7%, 91.9%, respectively. ROC curve contrast analysis revealed significant differences in AUC between WIR + PSAD + ADC, ADC + PSAD, WIR + ADC combined diagnostic models and ADC, WIR single parameter diagnosis of csPCa (P < 0.05); the AUC of WIR+PSAD model was different from that of WIR in the diagnosis of csPCa statistically (P < 0.05). ConclusionsPSAD combined with mp-MRI has a high diagnostic value for csPCa, progressively, the combined diagnostic model based on the key indicators can be used to predict csPCa. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.012 ObjectiveTo explore the potential performance of reduced field-of-view diffusion kurtosis imaging (rFOV-DKI) in the differentiating the different histological grades of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Materials and MethodsA total of 48 patients with pathologically confirmed endometrial adenocarcinoma were enrolled in our study after getting institutional review board approval. According to the two-rank classification method of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), the participants were divided to low-grade group (G1, G1-2 and G2, n = 30) and high-grade group (G3, n = 18). All participants underwent contrast enhancement MR examinations including routine sequences and additional rFOV-DKI sequence on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. The data was postprocessed by the functional tool on the workstation (AW4.6, GE Healthcare). With the reference of sagittal T2WI images, the lesion ROI (region of interest) was outlined. Derived parameters of DKI, including mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (Da), radial diffusivity (Dr), mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (Ka), and radial kurtosis (Kr) were all calculated. The DKI parameters of low-grade group and high-grade group were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate each parameter^,s diagnostic performance. ResultsMean values of MD, Da and Dr of low-grade group [(0.93 ± 0.08) µm²/ms, (1.14 ± 0.10) µm²/ms, (0.83 ± 0.08) µm²/ms] were significantly higher than those of high-grade group [(0.80 ± 0.08) µm²/ms, (1.05 ± 0.07) µm²/ms, (0.74 ± 0.06) µm²/ms; all P < 0.05]. While mean values of MK, Ka and Kr of low-grade group (1.15 ± 0.10, 1.36 ± 0.10, 0.97 ± 0.13) were significantly lower than those of high-grade group (1.33 ± 0.11, 1.64 ± 0.11, 1.08 ± 0.09). The Ka values had the highest diagnostic accuracy in differentiating low-grade group from high-grade group, AUC = 0.98 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.00), followed by MK [AUC = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78 to 0.97)] and MD [AUC is 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76 to 0.96)]. There were no significant differences between AUCs of MK and Ka (Z = 1.81, P = 0.07), and AUCs of MK and MD (Z = 0.53, P = 0.59), while significant differences were found between that of Ka and MD (Z = 2.40, P = 0.02). Ka performed best (sensitivity: 100%, specificality: 90%) in the differentiation between low-grade group from high-grade group among all DKI derived parameters. ConclusionsKurtosis indices from rFOV-DKI based on the non-Gaussian diffusion-weighted model can be acted as a potential tool in the grade differentiation of endometrial adenocarcinoma, and can be a useful compensation to the conventional MRI. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.013 ObjectiveThe proton density fat fraction (PDFF) was used as a reference to analyze and compare the difference and consistency between PDFF and visual scoring method, in phase and out of phase method, and threshold segmentation method in quantifying fat infiltration of lumbar paraspinal muscles. Materials and methodsA total of 227 patients who underwent lumbar MRI examination from January 2023 to December 2023 were collected, and the scanning sequences included T2WI, iterative Dixon water-fat separation with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation, and iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation quantitation. Fat content of the paraspinal muscles was quantitatively assessed using Goutallier classification (GC), fat fraction (FF), the percentage of fat infiltration area (%FIA) and PDFF, respectively. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), Mann-Whitney U test, Bland-Altman bias and Spearman correlation were used to evaluate the agreement, difference, bias and correlation between PDFF and GC, FF and %FIA. ResultsAmong the four imaging methods, GC had the worst consistency (ICC = 0.623, P < 0.001), and %FIA had the best consistency (ICC = 0.965, P < 0.001). The measurement results of FF, %FIA and PDFF are different (all P < 0.05) and biased. There was a weak correlation between GC and PDFF (r = 0.252 to 0.367, all P < 0.001). There was no correlation between FF and PDFF in multifidus muscle (all P > 0.05). %FIA was moderately correlated with PDFF (r = 0.546 to 0.652, all P < 0.001). ConclusionsThe reliability of GC is general, and the accuracy of FF is low. %FIA is highly correlated with PDFF and stable. The threshold segmentation method can be used as an alternative method for PDFF. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.014 ObjectiveTo quantitatively evaluate articular cartilage degeneration using three-dimensional ultrashort-echo-time Adiabatic-T1ρ (3D UTE-AdiabT1ρ) imaging and improve magnetic resonance technique for the early quantitative evaluation of osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and MethodsThe knee joint scanning was performed in 20 healthy volunteers and 40 OA patients with different degrees of OA using 3D UTE-AdiabT1ρ sequence and Cones data collection. The knee cartilages were divided into 13 subregions slice by slice on sagittal fat suppression images of T2WI and Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) were performed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. WORMS includes 0, 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, and 5 points. According to the extent of lesions, they were divided into localized lesion group (WORMS = 1, 2, 2.5 points) and diffuse lesion group (WORMS = 3, 4, 5 points). According to the depth of lesions, they were divided into partial layer lesions (WORMS = 1, 2, 3, 4 points) and full layer lesions (WORMS = 2.5, 5 points). The differences in UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ among different groups based on WORMS were assessed and compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-Kramer test. The correlations between UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ, UTE-T1 and WORMS were evaluated using Spearman^,s correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ for the detection of earl cartilage degeneration (WORMS = 1). The DeLong test was used to compare the area under the curve (AUC) of UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ, UTE macromolecular fraction (MMF) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). ResultsThe UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ from 0 to 5 points of WORMS were 36.6 ms, 41.7 ms, 42.7 ms, 45.0 ms, 43.2 ms, 44.3 ms, and 47.9 ms, respectively. UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ in localized lesion group was 42.0 ms, with 44.3 ms in diffuse lesion group, 42.5 ms in partial layer lesions, and 46.9 ms in full layer lesions. The higher UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ values were observed in higher WORMS, also in larger and deeper lesions, and the differences among these groups were statistically significant (F = 159.7, P < 0.001; F = 423.6, P < 0.001; F = 466.3, P < 0.001). The 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ values of different cartilage subregions were different when WORMS=0. 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ values were positively correlated with WORMS, lesion ranges and depths (r = 0.55, P < 0.001; r = 0.53, P < 0.001; r = 0.55, P < 0.001), and UTE-T1 values was positively correlated with WORMS (r = 0.27, P < 0.001). The diagnostic threshold of 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ for early cartilage degeneration (WORMS = 1) was 39.4 ms, diagnostic sensitivity was 70.9%, and specificity was 69.3%. The AUC of 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ in the diagnosis of early cartilage degeneration (WORMS = 1) was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.74 to 0.78), which was similar to that of UTE-MMF (AUC = 0.74; Z = 1.47, P = 0.142) and higher than that of UTE-MTR (AUC = 0.62; Z = 8.67, P < 0.001). ConclusionsThe 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ sequence can be useful in quantitative evaluation of articular cartilage degeneration. It has the clinical value of early diagnosis of OA. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.015 ObjectiveQuantitative analysis of T2^* values of articular cartilage in the foot and ankle of amateur marathon runners based on T2^* mapping, and analysis of their relationship with gender, age, body mass index (BMI), running age, and running volume. Materials and MethodsFrom July 2023 to September 2023, 48 long-distance runners in Chongqing were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, including 36 cases with running distance volume < 300 km/month (low to medium running volume group) and 12 cases with running distance volume ≥ 300 km/month (high running volume group). The unilateral asymptomatic ankle joints of all subjects were scanned using MRI, and the scanning sequences included T2^* mapping multi-echo spine cho (SE) sequence sagittal, proton density-weighted imaging fat-saturated (PDWI-FS) sequence sagittal, coronal, transverse axial, and T1-weighted imaging fat-saturated (T1WI-FS) sequence transverse axial. The cartilage of the talar dome, the calcaneal surfaces and cuboid surfaces of the calcaneocuboid joint, the calcaneal surfaces and talar surfaces of the posterior subtalar joint were outlined as regions of interest (ROI) along the edges of the articular cartilage contour, and the corresponding T2^* values were obtained. Analyze the relationship between the T2^* values of cartilage and age, BMI, running age with multiple linear regression, and running volume, gender with independent samples t-test. Results(1) The differences of cartilage T2^* values of the talar dome, the calcaneal surfaces and cuboid surfaces of the calcaneocuboid joint, the calcaneal surfaces and talar surfaces of the posterior subtalar joint were statistically significant in gender (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P = 0.008, P = 0.004). (2) The T2^* values of cartilage of the talar dome and calcaneal surface of posterior subtalar joint of high running group were higher than those of low to medium running group (P = 0.014, 0.023), the differences in T2^* values of cartilage of the calcaneal surface and cuboid surface of the calcaneocuboid joint, and the talar surface of the posterior subtalar joint were not statistically significant among the different running group (P = 0.987, 0.072, 0.724). (3) T2^* values of cartilage in the talar dome, the calcaneal surfaces and the cuboid surfaces of the calcaneocuboid joint, the calcaneal surfaces and the talar surfaces of the posterior subtalar joint are positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.376, 0.384, 0.300, 0.422, 0.455; P = 0.005, 0.004, 0.019, 0.001, 0.001). ConclusionsIn amateur marathoners, high running volume is more likely to result in cartilage injuries to the talar dome, the calcaneal surfaces of the posterior subtalar joint compared with low running volume; whereas high BMI increase the risk of cartilage injuries to the talar dome, heel facet of the calcaneus and dice joints, and cartilage injuries to the talar dome, the calcaneal surfaces and cuboid surfaces of the calcaneocuboid joint, the calcaneal surfaces and talar surfaces of the posterior subtalar joint, compared with lower BMI. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.016 ObjectiveTo explore the application value of 3.0 T MRI in evaluating the severity of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) and the effect of zinc supplementation in rats. Materials and MethodsThis study was a prospective randomized controlled experiment, and five groups of rat models were constructed based on the traditional modeling method of autoimmune prostatitis rats, which were normal control (NC) group (6 rats), model group A (EAP-A group) (6 rats), treatment group A (EAPZ-A group) (6 rats), model group B (EAP-B group) (6 rats), and treatment group B (EAPZ-B group) (6 rats). Among them, the rats in the EAP-A group and the EAPZ-A group were modeled by intradermal injection of 15 mg/mL allogeneic prostate antigen mixture, the rats in the EAP-B group and the EAPZ-B group were modeled by intradermal injection of 30 mg/mL allogeneic prostate antigen mixture, and the rats in the NC group were modeled by intradermal injection of the same amount of normal saline. MRI scans were performed before the model was constructed (12 weeks old), after the model was constructed (18 weeks old) and after the treatment group was supplemented with zinc (22 weeks old), including axial T1WI, T2WI, diffusion weighted image (DWI) and sagittal proton density-weighted imaging (PDWI). At the end of the 22-week-old scan, the samples were collected and observed by pathological staining of hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The standardized T2WI signal intensity and average diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the prostate gland at different weeks in each group were measured, and the prostate was compared between and within groups. Among them, one-way ANOVA was used to compare the standardized T2WI signal intensity of the prostate gland at different weeks in each group, and the least significant difference (LSD) was further compared when P < 0.05. The paired t-test was used for intra-group comparison of standardized T2WI signal intensity of rat prostate at different weeks of age in each group. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the ADC values of the prostate gland at different weeks in each group. The paired t-test was used for intra-group comparison of ADC values of prostate at different weeks in each group. ResultsAt 12 weeks of age, there was no statistically significant difference in the intensity of standardized T2WI signal between the groups (P = 0.918). After successful modeling at 18 weeks of age, except for the NC group, the standardized T2WI signal intensity in the other four groups decreased to varying degrees, and the standardized T2WI signal intensity in the EAP-A group/EAPZ-A group was higher than that in the EAP-B group/EAPZ-B group (all P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between EAP-A and EAPZ-A and EAPZ-B and EAPZ-B (P values were 0.340 and 0.113, respectively). After the end of treatment at 22 weeks, the standardized T2WI signal intensity in EAPZ-A and EAPZ-B groups rebounded, and the difference was not statistically significant (all P > 0.05), and they were all higher than those in EAP-A and EAP-B (all P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the ADC values between groups and within groups at different weeks (all P > 0.05). Conclusions3.0 T MRI can effectively assess the severity of EAP in rats, and can be used as a non-invasive means to monitor the effect of zinc supplementation, which has important clinical application potential. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.017 ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of quantitative and visual targeting evaluation of type-H vessel structure in bone marrow of rabbits with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) based on ultra-small superparamagnetic nano-iron oxide (USPIO) enhanced MRI combined with in vitro micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) microangiography. Materials and MethodsT1DM rabbits were constructed by injecting alloxan into the auricular vein in 20 out of 40 Japanese white rabbits (2-3 month-old). The remaining rabbits received equivalent volumes of normal saline via auricular marginal vein injection as controls. After 4 months of successful modeling, samples from metaphyseal and diaphyseal parts of tibia were taken respectively for sorting and identification of bone marrow Type-H vascular endothelial cells, Type-H vascular immunofluorescence detection, USPIO labeling of bone marrow endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo, MRI and Micro-CT microangiography of bone marrow in vitro. The proportion of Type-H vascular endothelial cells, average fluorescence intensity, T2 value of MRI, vessel volume/tissue volume (VV/TV) and vessel number (VN) were measured respectively. ResultsCompared with the control group, the proportion of type-H vascular endothelial cells, average fluorescence intensity, VV/TV and VN of bone marrow were significantly decreased in T1DM rabbits (P < 0.05), and the T2 value of MRI in bone marrow showed significant differences before and after USPIO injection (P < 0.05). The metaphyseal and diaphysis of T1DM rabbits were respectively compared with the control group. The proportion of type-H vascular endothelial cells, average fluorescence intensity, maximum change of T2 value and fastest time rate, VV/TV and VN in metaphysis were significantly different from those in the diaphysis (P < 0.05). ConclusionsUSPIO enhanced MRI combined with in vitro Micro-CT microvascular imaging is feasible for quantitative and visual targeting evaluation of bone marrow type-H vascular structure in T1DM rabbits. This study provides imaging evidence for exploring diabetic bone marrow microangiopathy. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.018 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.019 ^, quality of life. Structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC), along with the SC-FC connectivity coupling analysis, have garnered considerable attention in the research of uncovering the neural mechanisms underlying post-stroke functional impairments. This review outlines the fundamental principles of SC-FC connectivity coupling analysis by summarizing the fundamentals of SC and FC and their mechanisms, and focus on the role of SC-FC connectivity coupling analysis applied to motor dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, and mood disorders after stroke. By evaluating the coupling relationship between SC and FC, we can systematically analyze the potential neuroimaging features of the severity of dysfunction and rehabilitation potential. In turn, it can provide novel ideas for the personalized rehabilitation strategies for post-stroke patients. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.020 ^,s disease (PD) is a complex chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with genetic factors playing a significant role in its onset and progression. MRI is a non-invasive technique used to assess changes in brain structure and function. Imaging genetics combining genetic information with brain imaging data may explore the relationship between genes and brain phenotypes. This article reviews the research progress of multimodal MRI and imaging genetics in PD, aiming to provide neurobiological evidence for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms, early diagnosis, personalized treatment and prognosis of PD. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.021 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.022 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.023 ^,s disease (AD), sickle cell disease (SCD), demyelinating diseases, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), with the aim of providing important references for researchers to use these techniques to study the functional impairment of BBB in central nervous system diseases. ]]> Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.024 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.025 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.026 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.027 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.028 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.029 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.030 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.031 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.032 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.033 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.034 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.035 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.036 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.02.037 Thu,20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT