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<title>Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging RSS feed</title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/contents_list.asp?issue=201004</link>
<language>zh-cn</language>
<copyright>An RSS feed for Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging</copyright>
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<title><![CDATA[The ankle joint: MR sectional anatomy, anatomic variation and pathology: Part I-anatomy]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.002</link>
<description><![CDATA[Ankle joint is a fairly complicated joint and consistent with multiple bones, ligaments, and tendons.  An ankle joint MRI examination usually includes tibiotalar joint, subtalar joint, talonavicular joint, calcaneocuboid joint, intertarsal joints and tarsometatarsal joints. To master the normal MRI cross-sectional anatomy is essential for the interpretation of ankle MRI imaging. In this article, we will describe the normal MRI ankle cross sectional anatomy in coronal plane, sagittal plane, and axial plane separately. On the sagittal plane, we will pay particular attention to the bone structures and tendons anatomy. On the axial lane, we will primarily describe the collateral ligaments and tendon anatomy and the muscles are described in detail in the coronal plane. It is very important to remember that you need to look at each anatomic structure in all three planes and remember their normal appearance, normal anatomical variations.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[MRI in clinical diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.003</link>
<description><![CDATA[Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential part of the imaging for prostate cancer. Traditionally, MRI was mainly focus on the staging of prostate cancer. However, the application of prostate MRI became more and more extensive recently. Novel indications including prostate cancer diagnosis, prognosis for tumor differentiation, therapeutic decision and MRI-guided biopsy have been discussed by urologists. The novel functional MRI scan makes MRI more useful for prostate cancer.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Prostate cancer detection: comparison of T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the combination of three techniques]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.004</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To evaluate T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), MR spectroscopy (MRS), and the combination of the three MR techniques in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, as correlation with histopathologic ﬁndings. Materials and Methods: MR imaging, including T2WI, DWI, and MRS, was performed at 1.5 T  MR scanner with a body coil combined with a spine coil in 42 cases. Diagnosis was conﬁrmed by histopathology through systematic transrectal prostate biopsy. All cases were evaluated by T2WI, DWI, MRS, and then by the three methods combined. The statistical indicators and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of each method were compared to histopathological ﬁndings obtained by transrectal prostate biopsy. Results: Fifteen of 42 cases were conﬁrmed to be cancerous, and 27 of 42 cases were noncancerous. All the 252 sextants were confirmed by biopsies, including 201 benign sextants and 51 malignant sextants. The sensitivity and the specificity for the detection of prostate cancer were 88.2% and 67.2% for T2WI, as the cutoff was 3; 82.4% and 81.6% for DWI, as the cutoff was 4; 84.3% and 98.0% for MRS, as the cutoff was 5; and 96.1% and 96.5% for the combined T2WI+DWI+MRS, as the cutoff was 4. In the ROC analysis, the correlative areas under the ROC curves (Az) were 0.848±0.030, 0.860±0.033, and 0.961±0.016 for T2WI, DWI, and MRS, respectively, and 0.978±0.009 for the combination of T2WI+DWI+MRS. Conclusion: Prostate cancer can be diagnosed effectively by T2WI, DWI and MRS separately. The diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer is increased through a combination of the three techniques. Moreover, MRS demonstrated higher accuracy comparing with T2WI or DWI.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[MR imaging of incidentally detected prostate carcinoma in the central gland of prostate: preliminary study]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.005</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To evaluate the conventional MR imaging, MR spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of incidentally detected prostate carcinoma in the central gland of prostate. Materials and Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 9 patients with incidentally detected prostate carcinoma (IDPC) who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate were analyzed retrospectively. The manifestation of conventional MRI, MRS and DWI were observed, the corresponding value of (Cho+Cre)/Cit(CC/C), the ADC value of the central gland and the minimal ADC value were calculated. Results: The mean CC/C value of IDPC was 1.04±0.28, and the range of it was 0.65-1.45. The mean and the range of the ADC value of the central gland were (1.48±0.18)×10-3 mm2/s and (1.16-1.67)×10-3 mm2/s. The mean and the range of the minimal ADC value were (1.15±0.10)×10-3 mm2/s and (0.99-1.25)×10-3  mm2/s. Conclusion: MRS and DWI have some limitations in the diagnosis of the incidentally detected prostate carcinoma in the central gland of prostate.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Value of apparent diffusion coefficient to differentiate prostate cancer in central gland from benign prostate hyperplasia]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.006</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To evaluate the ability of apparent diffusion coefﬁcient (ADC) to differentiate prostate cancer (PCa) of the central gland (CG) from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: Twenty-three PCa cases of CG and 23 BPH cases were divided into PCa group and BPH group, who had been performed MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and pathologically conﬁrmed. DWI sequence was performed with three b values (300, 500, and 800 s/mm2), and ADC map was automatically generated. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of DW images and the ADC values of the same lesion in each group were measured under different b values, and paired t test was used to verify the difference of SNR and the ADC values of the same lesions with different b values. Independent sample t test was used to verify the difference of the ADC values between PCa and BPH with the same b value. ROC analysis was used and the area under the curve (Az), sensitivity and speciﬁcity were calculated. Results: PCa lesions of CG were presented with hyperintensity on DWI and hypointensity on ADC map. The difference of SNR and the ADC values of the same lesions with different b values were of statistic signiﬁcance (P<0.001); ADC values between PCa and BPH with the same b value were of statistic significant difference (P<0.001). When b=300, 500, 800 s/mm2, Az of the ROC was 0.89, 0.91, 0.94, respectively. The sensitivity and speciﬁcity of ADC value to identify PCa from BPH both reached 87% when b=800 s/mm2 with the cutoff of 1.305. Conclusion: ADC value of PCa lesions of CG decreases commonly, with signiﬁcant differences with that of BPH, which makes ADC value signiﬁcant to differentiate PCa of CG with BPH.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection and differentiation of prostate cancer]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.007</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To determine the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the detection and differentiation of the prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: 87 patients were included in the study. 41 cases were conﬁrmed pathologically to be prostate cancer and 46 to be benign hyperplasia (BPH). Axial T2WI, DWI and DCE-MRI were performed under a 3.0 T MRI scanner. An echo-planar imaging DWI technique with b=0 and b=1000 s/mm2 were used. In cancer group, the ADC values were measured in malignant and benign tissues using regions of interest (ROI). In BPH group, the ADC values were measured in both transitional zone (TZ) and peripheral zone (PZ). Results: Among 41 cancer patients, tumors located in PZ in 28 patients, in TZ in 5 patients, tumors involved both PZ and TZ in 8 patients. The size of the smallest tumor which can be measured in ADC map was 0.8 cm. The mean ADC values of the malignant and benign tissues in the cancer group were (0.97 ± 0.25)×10-3 mm2/s and(1.34 ± 0.16)×10-3 mm2/s. The mean ADC values of PZ and TZ in the BPH group were (1.37 ± 0.24)×10-3 mm2/s and(1.43 ± 0.31)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively. The mean ADC value of the malignant tissue was signiﬁcantly lower than the benign tissues in cancer group and in BPH group as well (P<0.001), while no significant difference was observed between the benign tissue in cancer group and those in BPH group. Conclusion: DWI and ADC value could help to detect and differentiate prostate cancer with hyperplasia. T2WI combined with DWI may increase the detection of prostate cancer, especially in the apex and transitional zone.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Tumor measurement methods in adult glioblastoma: comparison of linear and volumetric criteria]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.008</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: The changes in tumor size before and after treatment should be measured using volumetric or linear methods is not certain. We compared and analyzed the value of linear and volumetric measurements in evaluating tumor response in glioblastoma (GBM). Materials and Methods: Linear and volumetric measurements for tumor were performed on 112 MRI studies from 30 adult patients with GBM on post-contrast T1WI. Fifty-six pairs of MRI scans were analyzed for relative changes. Radiographic responses were determined based on changes in two methods respectively. Results: The correlation of tumor size measured by linear compared to volumetric method was good (P<0.001). Lower correlation was present when comparing percentage changes between pairs (n=56) (P<0.001). When these percentage changes were categorized into traditional tumor response criteria (complete response / partial response / stable disease / progression), 45 of 56 pairs were accordant and there was no signiﬁcant difference between the two methods. A review of 11 discordant pairs suggested that the volumetric method was more accurate than linear method in 8 cases in assessing tumor response, while linear was better than volumetric method in 3 ones. Conclusion: Volumetric approach for measuring tumor response is more accurate than linear method in some special tumor lesions.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Comparison of free-breathing 3D coronary MR angiography using the volume-targeted and whole-heart methods]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.009</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To make a comparison between the RCA- and LCX-targeted and whole-heart 3D coronary MR angiography using a T2-prepared SSFP sequence with real-time navigation. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one volunteers underwent free-breathing navigator-gated 3D coronary MR angiography, including both RCA- and LCX-targeted MR angiography and whole-heart coronary MR angiography with comparable imaging parameters on a 1.5 T whole-body MR system. We compared the acquisition time, the overall image quality of each segments of RCA and LCX, measured the length of the RCA and LCX, and assessed the posterior descending arterial branches of the RCA obtained with the volume-targeted and whole-heart approaches. Statistical analysis was performed with P value less than 0.05 considered signiﬁcant. Results: The imaging time required for whole-heart acquisition was signiﬁcantly longer than the RCA- and LCX-targeted acquisition (whole-heart, 9.82±2.62 vs volume-targeted, 4.31±0.87 minutes; P<0.05). The depicted length of the coronary arteries were not significantly different between the whole-heart and volume-targeted coronary MR angiography (whole-heart, RCA/LCX=12.2±3.4/7.81±1.5 vs volume-targeted, RCA/LCX= 11.9±3.2/7.59±1.2 cm; P>0.05). Whole-heart method had advantages for the visualization of posterior descending artery branches derived from the RCA. However, volume-targeted method yields higher vessel sharpness and overall image quality in comparison with whole-heart acquisition (volume-targeted, RCA/LCX = 4.33±0.97/4.29±0.89 vs whole-heart, RCA/LCX= 3.84±1.03/3.59±0.86; P<0.05). Conclusion: Volume-targeted and whole-heart navigator-assisted coronary MR angiography had its own advantages respectively, and the combined use of the two methods could be potentially helpful for clinical applications.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[MRI findings and clinical significance of the lumbar endplate osteochondritis]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.010</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the MRI ﬁndings of lumbar endplate osteochondritis and discuss the correlation between its type, stage and low back pain. Materials and Methods: All the 1926 sequential lumbar MRI materials were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In all 1926 cases, 1681 cases presented lumbar degenerative disease, 539 endplates in 432 patients demonstrated osteochondritis, which were subdivided into 4 types according to the MRI ﬁndings: bone marrow type, disc type, Schmorl’s node type and mixing type, accounting for 77.3%, 0.7%, 13.2% and 8.8% respectively. Modic 1 of bone marrow type (n=41) account for 2.5% in all lumbar degenerative cases, while Modic 2 (n=289) account for 17.2%. Schmorl’s node type accompanied by Modic 1 (n=18) account for 1.1%, while Schmorl’s node type accompanied by Modic 2 (n=39) account for 2.3%. In pure endplate osteochondritis patients, Modic 1 type was most common (32.3%, 10/31), while in patients associated with lumbar degenerative disease, Modic 2 type was most common (71.1%, 285/401). 62.7% (271/432) patients with osteochondritis complained of low back pain. The incidence of low back pain in Modic 1 of bone marrow type, Schmorl’s node type and disc type were 97.6%, 88.9% and 100%, respectively, obviously higher than that in other types. Fifty-one in 56 Modic 1 endplates transform to Modic 2 completely or partially after conservative management, and the pain disappeared or released. Modic 2 endplate keep stable in MRI ﬁndings and clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Endplate osteochondritis is a kind of MRI ﬁndings of disc degeneration which results in low back pain. MRI is the best and ﬁrst choice of modality for detecting it.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Common artifacts in 3 T high-field MRI systems: principle, appearance and remedy]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.011</link>
<description><![CDATA[MRI systems at a field-strength of 3 T has been used more and more frequently in recent years. The high-field systems, not only can benefit the imaging quality, but also can cause some artifacts. These artifacts are caused either by physical limitations related to the high-field strength or by protocols that are not yet fully optimized for the high-field strength. The most common artifacts will be analyzed in this paper, in order to mitigate or avoid them and take best advantage of high-field 3 T system.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[3D turbo spin echo imaging technique: SPACE]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.012</link>
<description><![CDATA[2D turbo spin echo (TSE) has been the work-horse in clinical MR imaging for many years, but its sampling efficiency is still limited by high SAR and strong T2 blurring in long echo train acquisition, and it can not provide fast 3D imaging. As a variant of TSE, SPACE dramatically reduces the SAR and T2 blurring in ultra-long echo train acquisition by employing variable refocusing flip angles. Currently, SPACE has been used in a wide range of clinical applications. The evolution and the research interest of SPACE technique will also be mentioned.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Ferritin coordinates with SPIO in tracking C6 rat glioma cells by MRI]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.013</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To investigate the effect of ferritin protein overexpression on superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particle labeling of C6 rat glioma cells, and to track the labeled cells in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: Plasmid of H-chain of murine ferritin gene was constructed and transfected into C6 cells. The parental and transfected C6 cells labeled with SPIO were bilaterally inoculated subcutaneously into nude mice. The mice were subjected to multiple T2-weighted MR scans after C6 cell inoculation. The mice were sacriﬁced in two weeks and the concentration of iron in the tumor tissue was measured. Results:  The concentration of iron in xenografts derived from ferritin plasmid transfected and SPIO labeled C6 cells was significant higher than that in xenografts from parental C6 cells labeled with SPIO (P=0.034, n=5). Ferritin transfected C6 cells with SPIO labeling showed an improved T2 contrast in vivo after inoculating of 2 days (P=0.012, n=5), 6 days (P=0.003, n=5), and 13 days (P=0.021, n=5). Conclusion: Coordinating ferritin with SPIO can lead to a longer MRI cellular tracking period.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Functional magnetic resonance imaging in early noninvasive diagnosis of prostate cancer]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.04.016</link>
<description><![CDATA[In recent years, the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques include diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) have demonstrated great potentials to improve the diagnosis accuracy for prostate cancer in early stage. In this paper, we reviewed the state-of-the art of the functional MRI techniques in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.]]></description>
<pubDate>Tue,20 Apr 2010 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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