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<title>Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging RSS feed</title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/contents_list.asp?issue=202009</link>
<language>zh-cn</language>
<copyright>An RSS feed for Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging</copyright>
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<title><![CDATA[Research on regional homogeneity of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging in first-episode depressive disorder patients]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.001</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To investigate the alterations of regional homogeneity (ReHo) by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in first-episode depressive disorder patients, and analyze the relationship between altered ReHo and the scores of 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). Materials and Methods: We analyzed rs-fMRI data obtained from 14 first-episode depressive disorder patients and 16 healthy control subjects. The data were analyzed by the ReHo method, and the differences in ReHo values between the two groups were compared by the two-sample t-test, and the correlation between the HAMD-17 score and the abnormal mean ReHo values of the brain regions in the first-episode major depressive disorder patients was analyzed. Results: Our results showed that patients with depressive disorder had significantly decreased ReHo in the right anterior cingulate and right postcentral gyrus compared with the health control group (corrected by Alphasim, P＜0.05 after correction). The mean ReHo of right anterior cingulate gyrus was negatively correlated with HAMD-17 score in patients with first episode of depression (r=-0.566, P=0.035). Conclusions: The ReHo values decreased in the right anterior cingulate and right postcentral gyrus of first-episode depressive disorder patients in the resting state, which may be related to the pathogenesis of depression.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Application value of 3.0 T MRI pCASL technology in evaluating the curative effect of children with cerebral palsy]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.002</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the application value of 3.0 T pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) in detecting cerebral blood flow changes and evaluating the efficacy in children  with cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods: Thirty children with spasmotic unilateral cerebral palsy who were treated with common carotid artery sympathetic network exfoliation in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were randomly selected as the case group. Thirty healthy children were selected as the normal group. Routine sequence, diagnostic medical imaging (DMI) and pCASL sequences were scanned by 3.0 T MRI on preoperative and 14 d after operation in children of normal group and case group. Data of cerebral blood flow in bilateral frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, central anterior gyrus, basal ganglia and other parts of the brain were obtained through post-processing and statistical analysis. Results: The cerebral blood flow in all parts of the preoperative case group was significantly lower than that of the normal group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Each part of the 14 d postoperative cases with cerebral blood flow were improved to varying degrees, among them, the blood flow of the bilateral frontal lobe, temporal lobe, central anterior gyrus, thalamus and cerebellum area of the brain was significantly different from the normal group (P＜0.05), parietal lobe and basal ganglia region and internal capsule regional blood flow had no statistically significant difference compared with normal group (P＞0.05); the changes of cerebral blood flow before and after the operation were compared among the patients in the case group, and the differences were statistically significant except for the cerebellum (P＜0.05). Conclusions: 3.0 T MRI pCASL technique can accurately detect cerebral blood flow in various parts of cerebral palsy children, reflecting the improvement of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and has a high application value in the evaluation of the efficacy of common carotid artery adventitia sympathetic network stripping.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[To explore the risk factors of outcome after mechanical thrombectomy in acute large area infarction]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.003</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the risk factors of outcome after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute large area infarction. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, fifty acute stroke patients who received MT from January 2017 to October 2019 in our hospital were enrolled. Large area infarction was defined as diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)-Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS)≤5 score. All patients≤24 hours of symptom onset and underwent MR examination before therapy. DWI-ASPECTS score, the functional outcome at 3 months (mRS) and other clinical data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent predictors of stroke. Results: The proportion of patients with blood glucose≤6.8 mmol/L in good functional outcome group (n=18) was significantly higher than that in the poor functional outcome (n=32) (66.67% vs 31.25%; χ2=5.864, P=0.020). There was no significant difference in DWI-ASPECTS score between two groups (4.75±0.25 vs 4.35±0.38; t=2.898, P=0.170), while the proportion of patients with DWI-ASPECTS＞2 score in good functional outcome group was significantly higher than that in the poor functional outcome (88.89% vs 56.25%; χ2=4.240, P=0.026). Multivariable logistic analysis demonstrated that blood glucose ≤6.8 mmol/L (OR, 4.05; 95% CI, 1.05—15.0; P=0.03) and DWI-ASPECTS＞2 score (OR, 6.93; 95% CI, 1.05—45.76; P=0.04) were independently associated with functional outcome. Conclusions: Assessing blood glucose and DWI-ASPECTS could be useful for predicting functional outcome in acute stroke patients with large area infarction and guiding clinical treatment.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Evaluating blood flow status after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease by using TOF-MRA, 3D-ASL and territory ASL]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.004</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To investigate the value of time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA), three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) and territory ASL (T-ASL) in monitoring blood flow status of patients with moyamoya disease after revascularization. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 19 hemispheres of 18 patients with moyamoya disease who underwent revascularization operation in March 2017 to March 2019. TOF-MRA, 3D-ASL and T-ASL were performed pre- and postoperatively, and the postoperative follow-up time was 3.5—14.5 months. TOF-MRA scan was used to observe the postoperative intracranial-external communication artery. Base on Alberta Stroke Programme Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECT) system, 3D-ASL was used to compare pre- and postoperative cerebral blood flow (CBF) and relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF). T-ASL was used to calculate the volume of reconstruction area (RA) and the perfusion of deep brain structures by the external carotid artery (ECA) on the operated side. Results: TOF-MRA showed that postoperative intracranial - external communication arteries included single, thick bypass vessels (73.7%, 14/19) and clustered, thin new collateral vessels (57.9%, 10/19). Before and after surgery, ASL-CBF was (41.4±19.3) ml/100 g•min and (48.9±15.1) ml/100 g•min), and rCBF was 0.88±0.34 and 1.08±0.26 respectively, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.01). RA volume ranges from 4.85 to 370.91 ml, with a median of 109.72 ml. Perfusion of deep brain structures by ECA showed that 15.8% (3/19) of RA region covered deep brain structures such as ipsilateral basal ganglia and thalamus, 63.2% (12/19) of RA region covered ipsilateral deep cerebral cortex, and 21.1% (4/19) of RA region covered contralateral deep cerebral cortex. Nine of the 10 patients with RA volume greater than 100 ml showed both bypass arteries and clustered collateral arteries, while 9 patients with RA volume less than 100 ml showed only bypass arteries or only sparse collateral arteries. Conclusions: The combined application of TOF-MRA, 3D-ASL and T-ASL can monitor the intracranial-external communication artery condition, identify the CBF changes, calculate RA volume and observe coverage area objectively after revascularization of moyamoya disease, and it is valuable to monitoring blood flow status after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Quantitative analysis and differentiation of MR images between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy with U-Net neural network]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.005</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To investigate the value of quantitative information of MRI got from U-Net neural network in the differentiation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 heart disease subjects collected from Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Society (MICCAI) 2017 automated cardiac diagnosis challenge and 45 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients and 48 hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy patients collected from July 2013 to March 2019 in the department of cardiology, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University. All patients underwent the steady state free precession cine sequence MRI scan in short axis. MICCAI dataset, separated into 1710 images and 190 images, were used as training dataset and validating dataset. Five hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients and 5 hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy patients, including 190 images, were selected as test dataset. The U-Net model was utilized in the segmentation of heart in cine MR images. The image segmentation was performed on all the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy patients and the quantitative parameters were calculated based on the segmentation results. Independent t test was applied to compare the differences of all the parameters between the two diseases groups. Multivariate logistic regression and a 4-fold cross-validation method were applied to fit a diagnosis model and to validate the robust and diagnostic accuracy of the model. Results: Thirteen of all the 55 quantitative parameters had significant differences between the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy group and hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy group, and 3 of them had significant influences on the classification between the two groups. The training set and the test set were 70 and 23 cases, and the areas under curves of ROC in test set produced from 4-fold cross-validation were 0.939, 0.984, 0.972 and 0.963. The accuracy of the test set corresponding to the best model was 86.96% (20/23). Conclusions: Automatic segmentation of heart in cine MR images based on U-Net neural network can provide more quantification information, which can help to diagnose the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Preliminary study of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of cervical spondylotic myelopathy]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.006</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the correlation between cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) image and clinical symptoms. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five CSM patients diagnosed by clinical and image diagnosis were divided into 35 mild-moderate cases (12—17 points) and 20 severe cases (＜12 points) according to modified Japanese orthopaedic association scores for assessment of cervical myelopathy (mJOA). And 16 age and sex matched healthy controls were recruited, all participants scaned head MRI and cervical diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The maximum compression of canal stenosis degree (maximum canal compromise, MCC), the maximum compression of the spinal cord level (maximum spinal cord compression, MSCC), T2WI high signal range of the most serious level cervical spinal, DTI data (FA value, ADC values), and brain function connection mapping (thalamus as seed area) were statistically compared and  use linear regression analysis to explore the correlation between the data and mJOA, NDI score. Results: In CSM patients, MCC, MSCC, T2WI high signal range, FA value and ADC value all changed. There was a negative correlation between MSCC and mJOA (r=-0.464, P＜0.05), and a positive correlation between FA value and mJOA (r=0.589, P＜0.05). Conclusions: Most of the image of CSM patients are related to the degree of clinical symptoms, and brain remodeling is involved in the compensation of clinical functions.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Efficacy of X-ray mammography in breast diseases detection using MRI as reference]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.007</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: Digital X-ray mammography (DMG) interpretation shows reader’s discrepancy and lacks pathological confirmation for some cases. In this study, we used MRI as a reference to investigate DMG in detection and categorization of breast lesions in a prospective and retrospective readings. Materials and Methods: A total of 316 patients underwent breast MRI and DMG were enrolled in this study. The prospective BI-RADS categorization of DMG (pDMG) was independent of MRI, while the retrospective BI-RADS categorization of DMG (rDMG) was MRI-assisted. The detection and categorization between DMG and MRI were compared. Results: The consistency between pDMG and rDMG in BI-RADS category Ⅱ— Ⅳ was 69.66% (163/234), where Spearman r=0.813 and P＜0.05. Their consistency between pDMG and MRI in BI-RADS category Ⅱ—Ⅴ was 36.41% (79/217)，where Spearman r=0.435 and P＜0.05. The consistency between rDMG and MRI in BI-RADS category Ⅱ—Ⅴ was 44.22% (134/303), where Spearman r=0.546, P＜0.05. Using MRI as reference, the DMG had a detection rate of 66.42% (269/405) prospectively and 74.81% (303/405) retrospectively. The imaging findings of calcification, mass and asymmetric density on DMG were not consistent with the mass, non-mass-enhancement or background parenchymal enhancement on MRI. Conclusions: DMG is reader dependent in the lesions detection and categorization. MRI and DMG lack a satisfactory consistency in the lesions detection and BI-RADS categorization. Their imaging findings also lack any sort of one-to-one correspondence.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The value of three-dimensional volumetric ROI histogram analysis based on intravoxel incoherent motion imaging in preoperative assessment of pathological differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.008</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the value of three-dimensional volumetric ROI histogram of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in preoperatively evaluating pathological differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 51 HCC patients (52 HCC lesions) confirmed by pathology, who preoperatively underwent liver acquistion with volume acceleration (LAVA) dynamic enhancement, DWI and IVIM scanning of MR. The HCC lesions were categorized as poorly differentiated group (15 lesions) and non-poorly differentiated group (37 lesions) according to the pathological results. The DWI images were post-processed to obtain the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images and the IVIM images were post-processed to obtain D (Dmono), D* (D*mono) and f (fmono) images on GE AW4.6 workstation. Conventional ROI analysis: using Functool software on GE AW 4.6 workstation, we drew three ROIs of the same area from the solid components of the largest layer of HCC on ADC, D, D* and f images respectively. The average value of signal intensity of three ROIs was calculated and recorded as cROI (conventional ROI). Three-dimensional volumetric ROI histogram analysis: using Omni-Kinetics software, we drew the ROI along the edge of each layer of lesion on the ADC, D, D* and f images, and then these ROIs were respectively merged into a volumetric ROI. The parameters of the volumetric ROI histogram were calculated, including min, max, mean, std, range, skewness, kurtosis and percentile quantile. ICC test was used to evaluate the consistency of two observers' measurements.  Independent sample student's t tests or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences between the two groups of HCC. Combination diagnosis was made based on statistically significant histogram parameters. The ROC curves were made, followed by the diagnostic performance analysis and comparison between any two AUC values by using Delong test. Results: (1) The two observers' measurements were consistent (ICC＞0.75). (2) The ADCrange and Dstd/range of poorly differentiated HCC were significantly higher than that of non-poorly differentiated HCC (P＜0.05). (3) Dmin/mean/5th/10th/25th/50th, D*min, fmin and DcROI of poorly differentiated HCC were lower than that of non-poorly differentiated HCC. (4) After combining the volumetric ROI histogram parameters D5th, D10th, D50th and Drange, the AUC value increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusions: The three-dimensional volumetric ROI histogram based on IVIM was helpful for preoperatively evaluating pathological differentiation of HCC. After combining histogram parameters, the diagnostic efficiency was improved.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The value of texture analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in differentiating AFP negative hepatocellular carcinoma from focal nodular hyperplasia]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.009</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the feasibility of texture analysis derived from dynamic-contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in differentiating alpha-feto protein (AFP) negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Materials and Methods: DCE-MRI data of 20 AFP negative HCC patients (21 lesions) and 19 FNH patients (22 lesions) confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Texture parameters of arterial phase, portal phase and equilibrium phase images were extracted respectively from manually drawn ROIs delineated on the maximum cross-sectional image of the lesion with software MaZda. The texture parameters were screened by using mutual information (MI), classification error probability combined with average correlation coefficients (POE+ACC), Fishers coefficient (Fisher) and the combination of the above three methods (MPF). The texture parameters discrimination and classification methods included linear discriminant analysis (LDA), nonlinear discriminant analysis (NDA), principal component analysis (PCA) and raw data analysis (RDA). Two radiologists with more than 10 years of working experience in abdominal group were requested to evaluate all the images and give diagnostic opinion. The results were expressed by misclassification rate, and the differences between radiologists' diagnostic results and texture analysis results were compared. Results: The texture features for differentiating AFP negative HCC and FNH were mainly came from equilibrium phase sequence which had the lowest misclassification rate 2.33% (1/43), lower than that of radiologists diagnosis 20.93% (9/43), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.007). In the texture parameter selection methods, MPF (2.33%—18.60%) had lower misclassification rate than MI (6.98%—23.26%), POE+ACC (4.65%—25.58%), Fisher (9.30%—23.36%). Among the texture parameter classification methods, the misclassification rate of NDA (2.33%—9.30%) was lower than RDA (18.60%—25.58%), PCA (11.63%—23.26%), LDA (2.33%—13.95%), and the misclassification rate of NDA was similar to LDA. Conclusions: The texture analysis based on DCE-MRI has certain value in differentiating AFP negative HCC from FNH.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal peripheral neuroblastic tumors in children by minima apparent diffusion coefficient value of diffusion weighted imaging]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.010</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To evaluate minimal apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in the differential diagnosis of common retroperitoneal peripheral neuroblastic tumors (pNT) in children. Materials and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of 22 children with retroperitoneal pNTs proved by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed, of which, 5 patients (22.73%) were ganglioneuroma (GN), 7 patients (31.82%) ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), and 10  patients (45.45%) neuroblastoma (NB). All children underwent plain MRI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) before surgery, and 16 of them underwent contrast-enhanced scanning. The minimum ADC value of the parenchymal part of the tumor was measured, and their difference between the three was compared and plotted the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to analyze its diagnostic efficacy. Results: The minimum ADC value of GN was the highest [(1.160±0.310)×10-3 mm2/s], and the minimum ADC value of NB was the lowest [(0.586 ± 0.146)×10-3 mm2/s]. The mean ADC value of GNB was between the above two [(0.794±0.156)×10-3 mm2/s]. There was significant difference among the three groups (F=15.386; P=0.000077). After plotting the ROC curves among the three, the results revealed that the sensitivity of differential diagnosis between GN and GNB was 100% and the specificity was 50% taking the minimum ADC value=0.706×10-3 mm2/s as the cut-off value. Taking a cut-off value of minimum ADC value=0.665×10-3 mm2/s, the sensitivity of differential diagnosis between GNB and NB was 87.5% and the specificity was 80%. Conclusions: The minimal ADC value embraces high clinical value in the differential diagnosis of three common retroperitoneal pNT in children.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The clinical value of IVIM-MRI and DWI in evaluating and predicting the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.011</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the value of parameters related to intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in evaluating and predicting the treatment efficacy of locally advanced cervical cancer under concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients with locally advanced cervical cancer underwent pelvic 3.0 T MRI scan including T1WI, T2WI, DWI and IVIM (10 b values, 0—1000 s/mm2) within 1 week before CCRT, 2 and 4 weeks after the initiation of CCRT, and 1 month after CCRT. The parameters at different time points were measured before and after CCRT. Including ADC, D, f, D* as well as the maximum tumor diameter at each scan time point, and calculate the change rate of each parameter after treatment and the tumor regression rate. Patients were divided into 13 cases in the complete remission (CR) and 8 cases in the partial remission (PR) groups according to RECIST 1.1 criteria, there were no stable group (SD) and progression group (PD). The parameters and their percentages were compared between the two groups before and after CCRT at at each time point by independent-samples-t test, ROC curves were applied to analyze the effect of the response evaluation of parameters and their change percentages (Δ%), Pearson correlation test were applied to analyze the relationship between the parameters as well as their change percentages (Δ%) and tumor regression rate (TSO). Results: The maximum diameter of the tumor before treatment and 1 month after the treatment was (4.64±1.31) cm and (0.40±0.53) cm. The tumor regression rate was 0.91%±0.11%. There were 13 patients in CR group and 8 patients in PR group. The ADC of CR group was lower than that of PR group before treatment while f value was higher than that of PR group (P＜0.05), the Δ%ADC and Δ%D of CR group were higher than that of PR group (P＜0.05). The Δ%f of CR group was lower than that of PR group after 1 month of treatment (P＜0.05). The TSO revealed a negative correlation with pre ADC (r=-0.462, P＜0.05), and a positive correlation with pre f, Δ%ADC and Δ%D 2 and 4 weeks after trearment (r=0.614, 0.487, 0.64, 0.451, 0.428, all P＜0.05). In the prediction of CR group and PR group, the AUC of pre f, pre ADC, Δ%D, Δ%ADC at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment were (0.904, 0.788, 0.868, 0.846, 0.803, 0.798 respectively). Conclusions: The quantitative parameters of IVIM and DWI and their change percentages are helpful in predicting and monitoring the treatment efficacy of chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer before and after treatment and IVIM has higher evaluation efficiency.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[A comparative study on the effects of 3D mDixon sequence and 3D Vane sequence on liver imaging by combining the Compressed SENSE technology and SENSE]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.012</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To compare the application value of 3D mDixon sequence and 3D Vane sequence of compressed sense technology in liver examination. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three healthy volunteers (13 males and 10 females) were included, who underwent upper abdominal MRI scanning using free breathing 3D Vane, 3D mDixon SENSE and 3D mDixon Compressed SENSE (CS) sequences in the 3.0 T MR scanner. According to the above technologies, they were divided into A, B and C groups. Two observers separately scored the subjective score of liver image quality on a 5-point scale. The regions of interest were placed on the anterior and posterior segments of the right hepatic lobe, the inner and outer segments of the left hepatic lobe, and the right erector spinae. The signal (SI) and standard deviation (SD) values of the liver and erector spinae were measured, and the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. The Wilcoxon test and the Chi-square test were used to analyze the SNR, CNR, and image quality scores of the anterior and posterior segments of the right liver lobe and the inner and outer segments of the left hepatic lobe of the three groups. Results: The objective measurement data and the subjective image quality scores of the images of group A, B and C by the two observers were in good agreement (all Kappa and ICC values were more than 0.75). Image quality scores in three groups were 4.3±0.56, 4.7±0.56, and 4.7±0.56, respectively. The image quality scores in group B and C were significantly higher than those in group A (P＜0.05). The SNR and CNR of the anterior and posterior segments of the right hepatic lobe and the inner and outer segments of the left hepatic lobe were 8.03±3.08, 29.25±7.08, 29.25±7.08, 8.03±3.08; 15.75±5.37, 43.89±10.30, 40.27±12.49, 11.37±5.42; 16.95±5.48, 46.55±10.47, 46.56±10.48, 16.95±5.48, respectively. And the SNR and CNR in the anterior and posterior segments of the right hepatic lobe in group B and C were significantly higher than those in group A (P＜0.05). SNR and CNR in the left lobe of the liver in group C were also significantly higher than those in group A (P＜0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the quality scores, SNR and CNR between groups B and C (P＞0.05). The scanning time of 3D Vane is 111 s; Compared with 3D mDixon SENSE sequence, the scanning time of 3D mDixon CS sequence was shortened by about 15.3% (15.1 s vs. 13.1 s). Conclusions: Compared with free-breathing 3D Vane sequences, breath-holding 3D mDixon SENSE and 3D mDixon CS sequences can effectively improve the SNR and contrast noise of images.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The value of dynamic enhanced MR subtraction in evaluation of tumor activity of hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional surgery]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.013</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the clinical value of plain and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and subtraction after dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in judging the active components of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after interventional therapy. Materials and Methods: From January 2018 to June 2019, 60 patients with liver cancer with 102 pathologically confirmed lesions were collected. One month after the interventional surgery, all patients received MRI plain scan, MR dynamic enhancement scan and enhanced subtraction post-treatment. The results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were taken as the gold standard, and then the three methods were compared and analyzed. Results: DSA confirmed that there were 45 active lesions and 57 inactive lesions. After plain scan, 30 active lesions were detected, the detection rate was 66.67%.Thirty-eight active lesions were detected after dynamic contrast-enhanced scanning, the detection rate was 84.44%. Forty-four active lesions were detected by dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction, the detection rate was 97.78%. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in the diagnosis of HCC after interventional intervention were 66.67% and 79.17% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI dynamic enhancement in the diagnosis of HCC after interventional intervention were 84.44% and 89.06% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of dynamic enhanced silhouette in the diagnosis of HCC after interventional intervention were 97.78% and 98.28% respectively. Conclusions: The subtraction after dynamic enhanced MRI scan is helpful for the determination of active components after hepatocellular carcinoma intervention.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Clinical and imageology characteristics of non-ketotic hyperglycemia hemichorea]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.014</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations and imageology characteristics of hemichorea associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia (HC-NH). Materials and Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 8 cases (male︰female=3︰5, age between 51 and 80 years) of HC-NH were analyzed retrospectively. Results: All the 8 cases were elderly T2DM patients, acute onset, characterized by unilateral involuntary choreiform movements, hyperglycemia, urine ketone negative, all involved the basal ganglia, 6 cases were left and 2 cases were right, the left head of caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus were involved in 3 cases, the left putamen was involved in 2 cases, the left head of caudate nucleus and the putamen were involved in 1 case, the right head of caudate nucleus were involved in 1 case, the right head of caudate nucleus and the putamen were involved in 1 case. T1-weighted imaging showed hyperintensity in all 8 cases, T2-weighted imaging showed isointensity in 4 cases, slightly lower hypointense in 3 cases and slightly hyperintensity in 1 case. T2-FLAIR sequence showed inhomogeneous hype-isointense in all 8 cases, DWI sequence showed isointensity in 5 cases, slightly lower hypointense in 3 cases, 2 cases in CT scan showed high density. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of HC-NH are non-ketotic hyperglycemia, unilateral involuntary choreiform movements, and MRI is characterized.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Correlation analysis between ADC minimum, rADC minimum and Fuhrman classification of renal clear cell carcinoma]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.015</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To investigate the application value of 3.0 T MRI minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmin) and relative ADC minimum (rADCmin) in predicting the pathological grades of renal clear cell carcinoma (CCRCC), and compare them with mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean). Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of pathological and DWI data of 92 patients with renal clear cell carcinoma confirmed by surgical pathology. The average and minimum ADC values of the parenchyma of the lesion, and the ADC value of contralateral renal parenchyma were measured, and then the rADCmin was calculated. According to Fuhrman nuclear grading system, Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ were defined as low-grade group, and grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ were defined as high-grade group. The values of ADCmean, ADCmin, and rADCmin were compared among Ⅰ—Ⅳ pathological grades, and between high-grade group and low- grade group. The correlation between Fuhrman classification and ADC values was analyzed. ROC curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of three different ADC values for high and low grade CCRCC. Results: There were statistically significant differences in ADCmean, ADCmin and rADCmin among the four pathological grades (P＜0.05). The ADCmean of the high and low grade groups were (1.578±0.188)×10-3 mm2/s, (1.956±0.206) ×10-3 mm2/s, and the ADCmin were (1.291±0.134)×10-3 mm2/s, (1.682±0.223)×10-3 mm2/s, rADCmin were 0.591±0.065, 0.777±0.093 (P＜0.01). There was a highly negatively correlated between pathological grades and ADCmean, ADCmin, and rADCmin (r=-0.755, r=-0.826, r=-0.880 respectively, P＜0.01); rADCmin had the highest diagnostic effectiveness in identifying high and low grade CCRCC, and the area under ROC was 0.963. With 0.6673 as the best diagnostic threshold, the sensitivity was 91.2% and the specificity was 88.6%. Conclusions: ADCmin is superior to ADCmean in predicting the Fuhrman pathological grades and diagnostic efficacy of renal clear cell carcinoma, and rADCmin has the highest evaluation value, which can provide reference for clinical operation and prognostic evaluation.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The protective measure of executing magnetic resonance imaging during the explosiong of COVID-19]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.016</link>
<description><![CDATA[Objective: To develop a procedure and specific measures to prevent cross-infection in patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging during the epidemic susceptibility period of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials and Methods: Patients without infection and suspected and confirmed patients were classified. Meanwhile, using differential procedures, tailor-made masks and veil to minimize the risk of infection during magnetic resonance imaging without affecting the examination effect. Medical staff strictly implement standard protection. Results: In the 44-day prevention and control practice, a total of 2710 ordinary patients were examined by magnetic resonance imaging, and none was infected. A total of 8 suspected patients were examined by magnetic resonance imaging, and 0 was infected. A total of 22 medical workers were examined, and 0 was infected. The goal of zero infection was successfully achieved. Conclusions: The procedure and the detailed measures have great practicability and operability, meanwhile convenient to implement. It played a very good role in the prevention of COVID-19 epidemic. Improving is also needed to prevent and control the risk of similar infection in the future.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Basic principles of intravoxel incoherent motion and diffusional kurtosis imaging and their applications in central nervous system diseases]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.019</link>
<description><![CDATA[The new technology of magnetic resonance imaging has great potential in analyzing pathological basis and evaluating changes in brain microstructure. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging is an emerging non-invasive technique that can simultaneously obtain the diffusion and perfusion information of living tissues. Diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) is based on the diffusional weight imaging (DWI) technology, which can quantitatively describe the non-Gaussian motion characteristics of water molecules inside and outside the tissue, reflecting the degree of limited diffusion and the complexity of the microenvironment, providing more real and rich microstructure information. In recent years, IVIM and DKI have achieved considerable preliminary results in many studies, especially showing good application value in the central nervous system. Therefore, this article reviewed the current application progress of IVIM and DKI technology in central nervous system diseases.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Research progress of magnetic resonance diffusion spectrum imaging in the nervous system]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.020</link>
<description><![CDATA[Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) is an advanced diffusion imaging technology used to describe the fiber tracts profile of the human body. It can truly and accurately visualize intracranial intersecting and complex fiber tracts, which made up for other diffusion imaging's shortcomings. And the degree of fiber tracts damage can be estimated through the use of DSI-related parameters. The two characteristics have great advantages in describing the microstructure of the tissue. This article introduces the  fundamental principle of DSI and parameters of diffusion spectrum imaging, and also reveals central nervous system anatomy details and the changes in the white matter fiber structure that cause clinical diseases accroding to DSI. It is helpful for the study of the pathophysiology of central nervous system diseases and also provides more options for diagnosis and treatment of diseases.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Progresses of brain imaging in patients with chronic alcohol dependence]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.021</link>
<description><![CDATA[Alcohol is the most widely used addictive drug in the world and chronic alcohol dependence (CAD) has become a serious public health problem. CAD can lead to the double dependence of patients' psychology and body, resulting in multi system damage, especially the central nervous system, which is mainly manifested in brain structure damage, brain metabolism and functional abnormality. With the continuous development of modern neuroimaging technology, more and more imaging technology is used to objectively detect and quantify brain damage caused by alcohol dependence, which plays an important role in CAD diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation. This paper reviews the progress of brain imaging in CAD patients from three aspects: structure, metabolism and function.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Advances in the application of 4D-ASL in cerebral arteriovenous malformation, arteriovenous fistula and moyamoya disease]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.022</link>
<description><![CDATA[Four dimensional arterial spin labeling (4D-ASL) is a technique similar to DSA, which can provide hemodynamic information of vascular diseases. This paper will explain the principle and scanning method of 4D-ASL imaging. 4D-ASL does not require contrast agent and is suitable for patients with renal insufficiency, pediatric patients and repeated follow-up studies. It has higher temporal and spatial resolution. 4D-ASL is becoming the next generation of angiography for neurovascular diseases such as arteriovenous malformation, arteriovenous fistula and moyamoya disease. In arteriovenous malformation and arteriovenous fistula, 4D-ASL can accurately show the size of the lesion vascular mass, the information of the supplying artery and the draining vein. It can evaluate collateral vessels in moyamoya disease to determine the therapeutic strategy of bypass surgery. This paper introduces the imaging basis of 4D-ASL, as well as the new technologies combined with other assistive technologies. This paper studies the future development of 4D-ASL.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Advances in magnetic resonance imaging of autism spectrum disorder]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.023</link>
<description><![CDATA[Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neuropsychiatric developmental disorder, which seriously endangers the physical and mental health of children. It may affect the patients' social interaction and learning ability all their lives, and cause serious burden to the family and society. The early symptoms are not typical, and the clinical diagnosis is mainly made by the relevant scale, which has strong subjectivity and poor stability. In recent years, the development of magnetic resonance imaging technology has explored the abnormal changes of brain structure and brain function in patients with ASD, trying to provide more objective basis for early diagnosis and gain valuable treatment time. This paper reviews the relevant literature in recent years and summarizes the progress of magnetic resonance imaging in the study of autism spectrum disorders.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Application of CT, PET-CT and MRI in the identification of spinal myeloma and metastasis]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.024</link>
<description><![CDATA[Myeloma and metastasis are common malignant lesions of the spine, and their clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations are similar. When patients only see a doctor with back pain, a correct diagnosis is particularly important for further examination and treatment of patients. This article reviews the application of CT, PET-CT and MRI in the differential diagnosis of multiple myeloma and metastasis.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Application and new progress of bone marrow fat quantification in osteoporosis]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.025</link>
<description><![CDATA[Osteoporosis, a common disease in middle-aged and older population, has become one of the main reasons of disability and death resulted by the complications. The early diagnosis and treatment assessment of osteoporosis is challenging, which is crucial to delay the progression of the disease. Osteoporosis is closely related to the reduction of bone strength. Bone mineral density and bone quality affect bone strength together. In addition to the traditional imaging methods to measure bone density, magnetic resonance bone marrow fat quantitative analysis for the diagnosis of osteoporosis is more comprehensive and accurate. This paper reviews the application and progress of traditional bone mineral density assessment and bone marrow fat quantitative assessment in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of osteoporosis.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[Research progress of brown adipose tissue detection based on magnetic resonance imaging]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.026</link>
<description><![CDATA[The prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes is high. Brown adipose tissue can induce endogenous energy consumption in the body, thus becoming one of the potential diagnostic targets for such metabolic diseases. Therefore, accurate detection and quantitative analysis of brown adipose tissue are of great significance for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity. There are different methods for detecting brown adipose tissue, including PET-CT, magnetic resonance imaging, indirect gas exchange temperature measurement, infrared temperature measurement, sympathetic tone measurement, and brown adipose tissue weighing. Magnetic resonance imaging technology is widely used in brown adipose tissue detection research due to its non-invasive, non-radiation, good soft tissue resolution, multi-parameter imaging, quantitative accuracy and the ability to detect inactive and active brown adipose tissue. This article reviews the MRI methods currently used for brown adipose tissue detection.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The application value of synthetic MRI in diagnosis]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.027</link>
<description><![CDATA[Synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) is a kind of technology of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (QMRI), relaxation time and proton density of tissue can be quantified. SyMRI has already been widely used in diagnosis of intracranial diseases and detection of brain development. So far, SyMRI is one of the most recent MR scanning technology, which is applied in the diagnosis of diseases of certain parenchymal organs. In this paper, we introduced some aspects including the basic principles of SyMRI, repeatability research, application in brain and other substantial organs, briefly. Problems of quality and solutions of images also be presented later. The further extensive application of SyMRI technology still be prospected.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[The definition, principle and clinical applications of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity]]></title>
<link>http://med-sci.cn/cgzcx/en/en_articlexml.asp?doi=10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2020.09.028</link>
<description><![CDATA[The fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity (FVH) is a common sign of MR imaging, which is tubular or serpentine hyperintensities in the subarachnoid space relative to cerebrospinal fluid. In addition to cerebrovascular diseases, there are other causes that can lead to the appearance of FVH, and FVH also has a specific location. The formation mechanism of FVH is complex, and it is mainly thought that FVHs are related to hemodynamic impairment and represent slow retrograde flow in leptomeningeal collaterals. The emergence of FVH is of great clinical significance, it can be used to evaluate cerebral artery stenosis and cerebral infarction, collateral circulation and ischemic penumbra. In addition, FVH sign plays an important role in the evaluation of vascular recanalization, prognosis and outcome. Therefore, comprehensive and complete evaluation of FVH sign is of great significance for the treatment decision and prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke. This article reviewed the definition, mechanism, clinical application and prospect of FVH.]]></description>
<pubDate>Sun,20 Sep 2020 00:00:00  GMT</pubDate>
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