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• Clinical Article •
Preliminary study of diffusion tensor imaging and 18F-AV1451 PET tau protein brain imaging in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MCI
LI Xiaotong  WANG Kai  AI Lin 

Cite this article as: Li XT, Wang K, Ai L. Preliminary study of diffusion tensor imaging and 18F-AV1451 PET tau protein brain imaging in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MCI[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2022, 13(4): 5-14. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2022.04.002.


[Abstract] Objective To study the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and 18F-AV1451 tau protein brain imaging in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to make early diagnosis and early intervention treatment for MCI patients in the future.Materials and Methods This prospective study included 37 patients, 13 patients with amnesia mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), 13 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 11 normal controls (NC) were selected. 18F-AV1451 tau protein imaging and DTI were examined by positron emission tomography-computed tomography scanner and magnetic resonance imaging scanner. GE ADW workstation was used to automatically register fraction anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and positron emission tomography images. The regions of interest in posterior cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus were delineated at the same level. FA value, ADC value, maximum standard uptake value and standard uptake value ratio (SUVr) were measured. The changes and correlation of FA, ADC and SUVr between the two groups were analyzed by rank sum test and Person correlation analysis.Results The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of 18F-AV1451 tau protein brain imaging in diagnosing aMCI patients were 70.0%, 57.1%, 53.8% and 72.7%, respectively. The numbers in AD group were 76.9%, 72.7%, 76.9% and 72.7%, respectively. There were significant differences in the SUVr values of left posterior cingulate gyrus and right parahippocampal gyrus between aMCI group and NC group (P=0.032,0.025). And there were significant differences between AD group and NC group in bilateral parahippocampal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus (P=0.007, 0.007, 0.041). The SUVr values of the left posterior cingulate gyrus and the right parahippocampal gyrus in the AD group were significantly different from those in the aMCI group (P=0.032, 0.025). There was no significant difference in FA between aMCI group and NC group (P＞0.05). But there was significant difference in ADC values in bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus (P=0.024, 0.012, 0.024, 0.024). There was no significant difference in FA and ADC between AD group and NC group (P＞0.05). There were significant differences in FA and ADC between aMCI group and AD group in bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus (P=0.047,0.047,0.047,0.012). For 6 aMCI patients who underwent 18F-AV1451 tau protein brain imaging and DTI examination, Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between FA, ADC value and SUVr value in each site (P＞0.05), but there was a negative correlation between ADC value and Minimental State Examination (MMSE) score in the right parahippocampal gyrus (r=-0.821, P=0.045). There was no significant correlation between FA, ADC and SUVr values of other parts and the scores of MMSE and Montrealcognitive assessment scale (P＞0.05).Conclusions The detection of white matter injury in different parts of brain by DTI, especially the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, has certain significance in the early differentiation between aMCI and AD patients, and may be used as an index for the differential of aMCI and AD in the future. In addition, 18F-AV1451 tau protein brain imaging is more effective in differential diagnosis of aMCI, and the ADC value of the right parahippocampal gyrus is negatively correlated with the MMSE score, indicating that the clinical psychological scale score may reflect the microstructural changes in the brain tissue.
[Keywords] amnestic mild cognitive impairment；diffusion tensor imaging；positron emission tomography-computed tomography；magnetic resonance imaging

LI Xiaotong   WANG Kai   AI Lin*  

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China

Ai L, E-mail: ailin@bjtth.org

Conflicts of interest   None.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (No.7192054).
Received  2021-12-09
Accepted  2022-03-21
DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2022.04.002
Cite this article as: Li XT, Wang K, Ai L. Preliminary study of diffusion tensor imaging and 18F-AV1451 PET tau protein brain imaging in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MCI[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2022, 13(4): 5-14. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2022.04.002.

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