Share：
Share this content in WeChat
X
[Chinese][PDF]68931
• Review •
Research progress on magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers in predicting the risk of postoperative recurrence with hepatocellular carcinoma
YU Changjiang  ZHU Shaocheng 

Cite this article as: Yu CJ, Zhu SC. Research progress on magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers in predicting the risk of postoperative recurrence with hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2022, 13(5): 154-157. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2022.05.033.


[Abstract] Magnetic resonance imaging can predict prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, the application and promotion of functional magnetic resonance imaging and hepatobiliary specific contrast agents as well as the development of imaging omics have further deepened the research field of prediction of prognosis and recurrence risk assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma by magnetic resonance imaging. Besides, some imaging biomarkers have been explored. In this paper, the definition, characteristics, potential mechanisms and clinical relevance of magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers were reviewed. It aims to improve the understanding of the evaluation value of postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma by magnetic resonance imaging, and to better assist scientific research and guide clinical practice.
[Keywords] hepatocellular carcinoma；magnetic resonance imaging；imaging biomarker；postoperative recurrence；prognosis；risk prediction

YU Changjiang1, 2   ZHU Shaocheng1, 2*  

1 Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China

2 Department of Medical Imaging,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China

Zhu SC, E-mail: zsc2686@163.com

Conflicts of interest   None.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Special Project of Key R&D and Promotion in Henan Province (Scientific and Technological Research) (No. 212102310729).
Received  2021-12-30
Accepted  2022-04-11
DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2022.05.033
Cite this article as: Yu CJ, Zhu SC. Research progress on magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers in predicting the risk of postoperative recurrence with hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2022, 13(5): 154-157. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2022.05.033.

[1]
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2021, 71(3): 209-249. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21660.
[2]
Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaboration, Fitzmaurice C, Abate D, et al. Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study[J]. JAMA Oncol, 2019, 5(12): 1749-1768. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2996.
[3]
Tang A, Cruite I, Mitchell DG, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma imaging systems: why they exist, how they have evolved, and how they differ[J]. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2018, 43(1): 3-12. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-017-1292-3.
[4]
Shim JH, Han S, Shin YM, et al. Prognostic performance of preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2015, 41(4): 1115-1123. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24660.
[5]
Wang XX, Zhang ZQ, Zhou XY, et al. Computational quantitative measures of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI hepatobiliary phase images can predict microvascular invasion of small HCC[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2020, 133: 109361. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109361.
[6]
Yoon JH, Goo YJ, Lim CJ, et al. Features of extrahepatic metastasis after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2020, 26(32): 4833-4845. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i32.4833.
[7]
Chen JB, Zhou J, Kuang SC, et al. Liver imaging reporting and data system category 5: MRI predictors of microvascular invasion and recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2019, 213(4): 821-830. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.19.21168.
[8]
Jeon SK, Lee DH, Park J, et al. Tumor volume measured using MR volumetry as a predictor of prognosis after surgical resection of single hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2021, 144: 109962. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109962.
[9]
Jiang HY, Chen J, Xia CC, et al. Noninvasive imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: from diagnosis to prognosis[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(22): 2348-2362. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i22.2348.
[10]
Ronot M, Purcell Y, Vilgrain V. Hepatocellular carcinoma: current imaging modalities for diagnosis and prognosis[J]. Dig Dis Sci, 2019, 64(4): 934-950. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05547-0.
[11]
Tacher V, Lin MD, Duran R, et al. Comparison of existing response criteria in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization using a 3D quantitative approach[J]. Radiology, 2016, 278(1): 275-284. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015142951.
[12]
Hu CG, Song YD, Zhang J, et al. Preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI based nomogram improves prediction of early HCC recurrence after ablation therapy[J]. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 649682. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649682.
[13]
Toyoda H, Kumada T, Tada T, et al. Non-hypervascular hypointense nodules detected by Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI are a risk factor for recurrence of HCC after hepatectomy[J]. J Hepatol, 2013, 58(6): 1174-1180. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.01.030.
[14]
Wei H, Jiang HY, Zheng TY, et al. LI-RADS category 5 hepatocellular carcinoma: preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for early recurrence risk stratification after curative resection[J]. Eur Radiol, 2021, 31(4): 2289-2302. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07303-9.
[15]
Romanzi A, Ariizumi S, Kotera Y, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma with a non-smooth tumor margin on hepatobiliary-phase gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Is sectionectomy the suitable treatment?[J]. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2020, 27(12): 922-930. DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.743.
[16]
Deng YH, Yang DW, Xu H, et al. Diagnostic performance of imaging features in the HBP of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis[J]. Acta Radiol, 2021: 2841851211038806. DOI: 10.1177/02841851211038806.
[17]
Zhu YJ, Feng B, Wang BZ, et al. Value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted MR imaging in predicting microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma and the prognostic significance[J]. Chin J Oncol, 2021, 43(3): 312-317. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20191009-00652.
[18]
Ariizumi S, Kitagawa K, Kotera Y, et al. A non-smooth tumor margin in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging predicts microscopic portal vein invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, and early recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2011, 18(4): 575-585. DOI: 10.1007/s00534-010-0369-y.
[19]
Lee S, Kim SH, Lee JE, et al. Preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for predicting microvascular invasion in patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Hepatol, 2017, 67(3): 526-534. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.04.024.
[20]
Chong HH, Yang L, Sheng RF, et al. Multi-scale and multi-parametric radiomics of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI predicts microvascular invasion and outcome in patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma≤5 cm[J]. Eur Radiol, 2021, 31(7): 4824-4838. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07601-2.
[21]
Wang LL, Li JF, Lei JQ, et al. The value of the signal intensity of peritumoral tissue on Gd-EOB-DTPA dynamic enhanced MRI in assessment of microvascular invasion and pathological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2021, 100(20): e25804. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025804.
[22]
Kang TW, Lim HK, Lee MW, et al. Aggressive intrasegmental recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation: risk factors and clinical significance[J]. Radiology, 2015, 276(1): 274-285. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.15141215.
[23]
Wei H, Jiang HY, Liu XJ, et al. Can LI-RADS imaging features at gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI predict aggressive features on pathology of single hepatocellular carcinoma?[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2020, 132: 109312. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109312.
[24]
Wang FQ, Numata K, Nihonmatsu H, et al. Intraprocedurally EOB-MRI/US fusion imaging focusing on hepatobiliary phase findings can help to reduce the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation[J]. Int J Hyperthermia, 2020, 37(1): 1149-1158. DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1825837.
[25]
Zhou M, Shan D, Zhang CH, et al. Value of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for microvascular invasion of small hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study[J]. BMC Med Imaging, 2021, 21(1): 40. DOI: 10.1186/s12880-021-00572-w.
[26]
Hu HY, Qi S, Zeng SL, et al. Importance of microvascular invasion risk and tumor size on recurrence and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma after anatomical resection and non-anatomical resection[J]. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 621622. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.621622.
[27]
Shimada S, Kamiyama T, Kakisaka T, et al. Impact of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery[J]. JGH Open, 2021, 5(1): 41-49. DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12444.
[28]
Kim JG, Jang KM, Min GS, et al. Questionable correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient with the histological grade and microvascular invasion in small hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Clin Radiol, 2019, 74(5): 406.e19-406.406.e27. DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.01.019.
[29]
Lv XL, Chen MJ, Kong CL, et al. Construction of a novel radiomics nomogram for the prediction of aggressive intrasegmental recurrence of HCC after radiofrequency ablation[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2021, 144: 109955. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109955.
[30]
Zhu SC, Liu YH, Wei Y, et al. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for predicting histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(8): 929-940. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i8.929.
[31]
Rimola J, Forner A, Sapena V, et al. Performance of gadoxetic acid MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging for the diagnosis of early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Eur Radiol, 2020, 30(1): 186-194. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06351-0.
[32]
Lee S, Kim KW, Jeong WK, et al. Liver imaging reporting and data system category on magnetic resonance imaging predicts recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation within the Milan criteria: a multicenter study[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2021, 28(11): 6782-6789. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09772-8.
[33]
Min JH, Kim SH, Hwang JA, et al. Prognostic value of LI-RADS category on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with primary liver carcinomas[J]. Eur Radiol, 2021, 31(6): 3649-3660. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07378-4.
[34]
Moon JY, Min JH, Kim YK, et al. Prognosis after curative resection of single hepatocellular carcinoma with A focus on LI-RADS targetoid appearance on preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI[J]. Korean J Radiol, 2021, 22(11): 1786-1796. DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.1428.
[35]
Gong XQ, Tao YY, Wu YK, et al. Progress of MRI radiomics in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 698373. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.698373.
[36]
Wei JW, Jiang HY, Zeng MS, et al. Prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma via deep learning: a multi-center and prospective validation study[J]. Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(10): 2368. DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102368.
[37]
Gao F, Qiao K, Yan B, et al. Hybrid network with difference degree and attention mechanism combined with radiomics (H-DARnet) for MVI prediction in HCC[J]. Magn Reson Imaging, 2021, 83: 27-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.06.018.
[38]
Zhang L, Hu JM, Hou JY, et al. Radiomics-based model using gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced MR images: associations with recurrence-free survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by surgical resection[J]. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2021, 46(8): 3845-3854. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-03034-7.
[39]
Zhao Y, Wu JJ, Zhang QH, et al. Radiomics analysis based on multiparametric MRI for predicting early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2021, 53(4): 1066-1079. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27424.
[40]
Yu YX, Fan YF, Wang XM, et al. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI radiomics to predict vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and patient prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Eur Radiol, 2022, 32(2): 959-970. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08250-9.
[41]
Mulé S, Chalaye J, Legou F, et al. Hepatobiliary MR contrast agent uptake as a predictive biomarker of aggressive features on pathology and reduced recurrence-free survival in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison with dual-tracer 18F-FDG and 18F-FCH PET/CT[J]. Eur Radiol, 2020, 30(10): 5348-5357. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06923-5.
[42]
Xu H, Schmidt R, Hamm CA, et al. Comparison of intrahepatic progression patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases following CT-guided high dose-rate brachytherapy[J]. Ther Adv Med Oncol, 2021, 13: 17588359211042304. DOI: 10.1177/17588359211042304.
[43]
Song WL, Yu XL, Guo DJ, et al. MRI-based radiomics: associations with the recurrence-free survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2020, 52(2): 461-473. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26977.

PREV Advances in the clinical application of cardiac magnetic resonance in the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy
NEXT Research progress of multimodality MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma
  


LINK


Tel & Fax: +8610-67113815    E-mail: editor@cjmri.cn