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• Technical Article •
Normalizing radiomics features from multiscale structural MRI of the adolescent brain
WANG Yao  MA Huan  ZHANG Dafu  WANG Hongbo  SUN Dewei  LI Kun  YANG Jianzhong 

WANG Y, MA H, ZHANG D F, et al. Normalizing radiomics features from multiscale structural MRI of the adolescent brain[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2023, 14(8): 100-107. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2023.08.016.


[Abstract] Objectives To explore the value of combination of N4 bias field correction, histogram-matching (HM) normalization and ComBat harmonization to reduce the "scanner effect" of radiomics features from brain MRI.Materials and Methods Three-dimensional T1 weighted image (3D-T1WI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the brain was performed in 23 healthy volunteers with three MRI scanners (Philip 1.5 T, Philip 3.0 T, GE 3.0 T). Computational Anatomy toolbox (Cat 12) and FMRIB's software library (FSL) were used for preprocessing. Then, N4 bias field correction and HM normalization were performed on the preprocessed T1WI and DTI. Finally, LIFEx software was used to extract radiomics features of gray and white matter and then Combat harmonization were carried out. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to exam the normality and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference (Tukey-HSD) test were used to compare the radiomics features of the three scanners, and the Bartlett spherical test was used to estimate whether the variance was uniform. The differences between scanners in the number of radiomics features and numerical statistical distribution in each processing were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated.Results A total of 10 males and 13 females were enrolled. There was no significant difference in age (t=1.090, P=0.316), education years (t=-0.638, P=0.574) and CES-D score (t=-0.670, P=0.510) between the males and females (P＞0.05). In the original images acquired by the three MRI scanners, the distribution range and peak value of the intensity histogram were not aligned. When N4 bias field correction was performed using 5-level (50 iterations) full mask, the intensity variation coefficient of brain tissue among the three scanners was the lowest. N4 correction sharpened the intensity peak, HM normalized and aligned each intensity peak, and Combat harmonization further aligned the image intensity distribution range and peak of the three MRI. The process (N4 bias field correction, HM normalization and ComBat harmonization) had the same influence on T1WI and DTI sequences. Through the combination of N4 correction, HM normalization and Combat harmonization, the percentage of radiomics features with differences between scanners was reduced from 88.6% (70/79) before bias field correction to 3.8% (3/79) after ComBat harmonization. At the same time, the percentage of radiomics features with differences between VOI of gray and white matter increased from 43.0% (34/79) before bias field correction to 84.8% (67/79) after ComBat harmonization.Conclusions The combination of N4 bias field correction, HM normalization and ComBat harmonization can effectively eliminate the "scanner effect" of the brain structural MRI and thereby help to incorporate multi-center MRI data across scanners.
[Keywords] adolescent；brain；radiomics feature；harmonization；magnetic resonance imaging

WANG Yao1   MA Huan1   ZHANG Dafu1   WANG Hongbo1   SUN Dewei1   LI Kun1*   YANG Jianzhong2  

1 Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650018, China

2 Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China

Corresponding author: Li K, E-mail: 353142503@qq.com

Conflicts of interest   None.

Received  2023-03-13
Accepted  2023-07-27
DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2023.08.016
WANG Y, MA H, ZHANG D F, et al. Normalizing radiomics features from multiscale structural MRI of the adolescent brain[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2023, 14(8): 100-107. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2023.08.016.

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