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• Clinical Article •
Radiomics based on deep learning to predict T2 and T3 staging of rectal cancer
WU Shujian  YU Yongmei  FAN Lifang  ZHANG Hu  CHEN Guoxian  XU Jingya  YA Shengnan 

Cite this article as: WU S J, YU Y M, FAN L F, et al. Radiomics based on deep learning to predict T2 and T3 staging of rectal cancer[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2023, 14(11): 84-89, 102. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2023.11.014.


[Abstract] Objective To explore the value of deep learning (DL) imageomics based on MRI axial high-resolution T2WI images in predicting T2 and T3 stages of rectal cancer before surgery.Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of the complete data of 361 patients with T2 and T3 stage rectal cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital) from January 2018 to December 2022. Among them, there were 100 cases in T2 phase and 261 cases in T3 phase. Patients were randomly divided into a training set (n=262) and a testing set (n=99) using stratified sampling at 7∶3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for clinical imaging features. The ResNet-18 model was employed as the foundational model for DL feature extraction. Subsequently, twelve machine learning models were developed by incorporating clinical imaging features, hand-crafted radiomi features, DL features, and their combined features. The support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and extreme gradient enhancement machine (XGBoost) algorithms were utilized for constructing these models. The diagnostic performance of each model was assessed by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) of the subject. Finally, the model with the highest performance was identified as the optimal output model.Results The results of both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicate that carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.150-1.820, P=0.002] and tumor length (LD) (95% CI: 1.159-22.584, P=0.031) were independent risk factors for predicting T2 and T3 stage rectal cancer based on clinical imaging features. Among all the models constructed, the performance of combined feature model was higher than that of individual feature model, and the training set XGBoost classifier model had the highest performance, with an AUC of 0.998 (95% CI: 0.995-1.000), and was therefore selected as the output model for this study.Conclusions The DL radiomics machine learning model based on MRI axial high-resolution T2WI images can effectively predict T2 and T3 stages of rectal cancer, with the XGBoost classifier model with combined features of the training set having the best performance.
[Keywords] magnetic resonance imaging；deep learning；radiomics；machine learning；rectal cancer

WU Shujian1   YU Yongmei1*   FAN Lifang2   ZHANG Hu3   CHEN Guoxian4   XU Jingya1   YA Shengnan2  

1 Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu 241001, China

2 Department of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China

3 Department of Radiology, Wuhu Second People's Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China

4 Department of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China

Corresponding author: YU Y M, E-mail: yjsyym131@163.com

Conflicts of interest   None.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Natural Science Foundation for Universities in Anhui Province (No. 2022AH051215).
Received  2023-04-25
Accepted  2023-10-27
DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2023.11.014
Cite this article as: WU S J, YU Y M, FAN L F, et al. Radiomics based on deep learning to predict T2 and T3 staging of rectal cancer[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2023, 14(11): 84-89, 102. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2023.11.014.

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