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• Clinical Article •
Diffusion kurtosis imaging reveals microstructural abnormalities in cerebral white matter fiber tracts in children with global developmental delay
ZHANG Xiaoxue  ZHAO Xin  SHEN Yanyong  CHENG Meiying  WANG Changhao  YANG Zhexuan  FENG Zhanqi  ZHANG Xiaoan 

Cite this article as: ZHANG X X, ZHAO X, SHEN Y Y, et al. Diffusion kurtosis imaging reveals microstructural abnormalities in cerebral white matter fiber tracts in children with global developmental delay[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2024, 15(6): 19-23, 30. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2024.06.002.


[Abstract] Objective Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) was employed to evaluate microstructural changes in the white matter fiber tracts of the brain in children with global developmental delay (GDD).Materials and Methods This prospective study included 37 children with GDD in the experimental group and 32 age- and gender-matched healthy children in the control group. All participants underwent DKI sequence scanning, and diffusion tensor and kurtosis tensor parameters were obtained following post-processing. The parameters were compared between the two groups using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Spearman correlation analysis was conducted between the parameter values within the fiber bundles showing significant intergroup differences and the neurodevelopmental scores of children with GDD.Results Compared to the control group, the mean diffusivity (MD) of the right corticospinal tract and right anterior thalamic radiation were significantly increased in the GDD group (all P<0.05); the radial diffusivity (RD) of the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, bilateral corticospinal tract, and right superior longitudinal fasciculus were also significantly increased (all P<0.05). Additionally, the radial kurtosis (RK) in the GDD group was significantly decreased (all P<0.05), including the bilateral anterior thalamic radiations, bilateral corticospinal tracts, bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculi, bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculi, forceps minor, left uncinate fasciculus, and right cingulum. Correlation analysis revealed that the average RK values of the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and left uncinate fasciculus were positively correlated with adaptive behavior scores (r=0.349, 0.486, respectively; all P<0.05); the average RK value of the left uncinate fasciculus was positively correlated with fine motor and personal-social behavior scores (r=0.365, 0.590, respectively; all P<0.05).Conclusions The DKI technique can detect abnormalities in the microstructure of the white matter fiber bundles in children with GDD, providing useful insights into the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of GDD.
[Keywords] global developmental delay；diffusion kurtosis imaging；magnetic resonance imaging；tract-based spatial statistics；white matter；children

ZHANG Xiaoxue1, 2   ZHAO Xin1, 2   SHEN Yanyong1, 2   CHENG Meiying1, 2   WANG Changhao1, 2   YANG Zhexuan1, 2   FENG Zhanqi1, 2   ZHANG Xiaoan1, 2*  

1 Department of Medical Imaging, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China

2 Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Zhengzhou 450052, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG X A, E-mail: zxa@zzu.edu.cn

Conflicts of interest   None.

Received  2023-12-20
Accepted  2024-06-03
DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2024.06.002
Cite this article as: ZHANG X X, ZHAO X, SHEN Y Y, et al. Diffusion kurtosis imaging reveals microstructural abnormalities in cerebral white matter fiber tracts in children with global developmental delay[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2024, 15(6): 19-23, 30. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2024.06.002.

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