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The mechanisms of rTMS treatment for major depressive disorder through structural-functional MRI
LIU Jingwen  HU Liangbo 

Cite this article as: LIU J W, HU L B. The mechanisms of rTMS treatment for major depressive disorder through structural-functional MRI[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2025, 16(7): 102-108. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.07.017.


[Abstract] Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition associated with alterations in brain structural and functional connectivity, which significantly affects physical, psychological, and social functioning. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that applies magnetic pulses to the cortical regions, has shown significant efficacy in the treatment of MDD. However, the specific mechanisms by which it exerts its antidepressant effects through regulating brain structure and function remain unclear. Although multimodal MRI has provided valuable tools for revealing the neuroregulatory mechanisms of rTMS, existing reviews mostly focus on separate analyses of structural or functional changes, without systematically integrating how rTMS affects the structural-functional coupling of the brain. Therefore, we systematically summarize the research progress on rTMS-induced changes in the brain's structure-function coupling during MDD treatment, based on structural-functional MRI. It aims to provide new perspectives for optimizing the selection of stimulation targets and offers methodological suggestions for the multi-scale objective evaluation of rTMS intervention effects. We propose that a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of rTMS on brain structure-function coupling is a core to achieving precision in MDD treatment and objectivity in efficacy evaluation.
[Keywords] major depressive disorder；magnetic resonance imaging；multimodal；repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation；mechanism

LIU Jingwen   HU Liangbo*  

Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China

Corresponding author: HU L B, E-mail: 700056@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn

Conflicts of interest   None.

Received  2025-04-07
Accepted  2025-06-10
DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.07.017
Cite this article as: LIU J W, HU L B. The mechanisms of rTMS treatment for major depressive disorder through structural-functional MRI[J]. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 2025, 16(7): 102-108. DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2025.07.017.

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