MRI research progress in anhedonic depression

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• Review •

YANG Xin ZHANG Qin DING Hui

DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2026.05.024.

Abstract

[Abstract] Anhedonic depression (AD) is a significant subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD), characterized primarily by the loss of pleasure experience and diminished reward motivation. In recent years, MRI techniques, particularly structural MRI (sMRI), resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and task-state functional MRI (ts-fMRI), have become key tools for investigating the neural mechanisms underlying anhedonia. Through high-resolution brain imaging, sMRI has revealed structural alterations in reward-related brain regions in patients with anhedonic depression, rs-fMRI revealed an imbalance in functional connectivity among these brain regions, while ts-fMRI further indicated alterations in local neural activity across these regions. The combination of these techniques provides a more comprehensive perspective for understanding the neural basis of this symptomatic dimension and holds significant importance for early diagnosis, subtype identification, and personalized treatment. However, current research remains limited by substantial sample heterogeneity, the predominance of cross-sectional designs, insufficient clinical validation of neuroimaging biomarkers, and the lack of integrated analyses combining task-based and resting-state fMRI. Future studies should rely on large-sample, multicenter, longitudinal designs, incorporate artificial intelligence–driven multimodal radiomic analyses, and conduct longitudinal imaging assessments before and after neuromodulation interventions, so as to advance individualized and precision diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the current applications and latest progress of MRI techniques in anhedonic depression, and further discusses future research directions and challenges, aims to address the limitations of existing reviews in multimodal integration and symptom dimension focus, thereby providing references for subsequent research and clinical translation.

[Keywords] anhedonic depression；magnetic resonance imaging；resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging；task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging；structural magnetic resonance imaging

Contributor Information

YANG Xin^{1,
2} ZHANG Qin² DING Hui^2*

¹ Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China

² Department of Radiology, Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550000, China

Corresponding author: DING H, E-mail: 857747438@qq.com

Conflicts of interest None.

Publication Information

Received 2026-01-13

Accepted 2026-04-17

DOI: 10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2026.05.024

DOI:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2026.05.024.

Text

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