Share：
Share this content in WeChat
X
[Chinese][PDF]1019135
• Review •
Brief overview about the principles of susceptibility weighted imaging
WANG Li-juan  LIU Yu-bo  WANG Guang-bin 

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.03.014.


[Abstract] Susceptibility-weighted imaging is a high-spatial-resolution 3D MR imaging technique that is different from spin density, T1-, or T2-weighted imaging. SWI combines magnitude and phase images from the high-resolution, fully velocity compensated 3D gradient echo sequence based on the T2* weighted gradient echo sequence. It is particularly useful for detecting intravascular venous deoxygenated blood as well as extravascular blood products, it is superior to conventional gradient echo sequence in showing small cerebral veins or hemorrhage. In this article, we present a review focus on the principles and postprocessing techniques of susceptibility weighted imaging.
[Keywords] Susceptibility weighted imaging；Principles；Postprocessing

WANG Li-juan Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan 250021, China

LIU Yu-bo Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan 250021, China

WANG Guang-bin* Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan 250021, China

*Correspondence to: Wang GB, E-mail: cjr.wangguangbin@vip.163.com

Conflicts of interest   None.

Received  2010-01-15
Accepted  2010-03-03
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.03.014
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2010.03.014.

[1]
Reichenbach JR, Venkatesan R, Schillinger DJ, et al. Small vessels in the human brain: MR venography with deoxyhemoglobin as an intrinsic contrast agent. Radiology, 1997, 204(1): 272-277.
[2]
Vymazal J, Righini A, Brooks RA, et al. T1 and T2 in the brain of healthy subjects, patients with Parkinson disease, and patients with multiple system atrophy: relation to iron content. Radiology, 1999, 211(2): 489-495.
[3]
Sehgal V, Delproposto Z, Haacke EM, et al. Clinical applications of neuroimaging with susceptibility-weighted imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2005, 22(4): 439-450..
[4]
Yamada N, Imakita S, Sakuma T, et al. Intracranial calcification on gradient-echo phase image: depiction of diamagnetic susceptibility. Radiology, 1996, 198(1): 171-178.
[5]
Xu Y, Haacke EM. The role of voxel aspect ratio in determining apparent vascular phase behavior in susceptibility weighted imaging. Magn Reson Imaging, 2006, 24(2): 155-160.
[6]
Idbaih A, Boukobza M, Crassard I, et al. MRI of clot in cerebral venous thrombosis: high diagnostic value of susceptibility-weighted images. Stroke, 2006, 37(4): 991-995.
[7]
Rauscher A, Sedlacik J, Barth M, et al. Magnetic susceptibility-weighted MR phase imaging of the human brain. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2005, 26(4): 736-742.
[8]
Sehgal V, Delproposto Z, Haddar D, et al. Susceptibility-weighted imaging to visualize blood products and improve tumor contrast in the study of brain masses. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2006, 24(1): 41-51.
[9]
Ogawa S, Lee TM, Nayak AS, et al. Oxygenation-sensitive contrast in magnetic resonance image of rodent brain at high magnetic fields. Magn Reson Med, 1990, 14(1): 68-78.
[10]
Haacke EM, Cheng NY, House MJ, et al. Imaging iron stores in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging, 2005, 23(1): 1-25.
[11]
Li D, Waight DJ, Wang Y. In vivo correlation between blood T2* and oxygen saturation. J Magn Reson Imaging, 1998, 8(6): 1236-1239.
[12]
Thulborn KR, Waterton JC, Matthews PM, et al. Oxygenation dependence of the transverse relaxation time of water protons in whole blood at high field. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1982, 714(2): 265-270.
[13]
Reichenbach JR, Haacke EM. High-resolution BOLD venographic imaging: a window into brain function. NMR Biomed, 2001, 14(7-8): 453-467.
[14]
Reichenbach JR, Barth M, Haacke EM, et al. High-resolution MR venography at 3.0 Tesla. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 2000, 24(6): 949-957.
[15]
Lin W, Mukherjee P, An H, et al. Improving high-resolution MR bold venographic imaging using a T1 reducing contrast agent. J Magn Reson Imaging, 1999, 10(2): 118-123.
[16]
Sedlacik J, Helm K, Rauscher A, et al. Investigations on the effect of caffeine on cerebral venous vessel contrast by using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) at 1.5, 3 and 7 T. Neuroimage, 2008, 40(1): 11-18.
[17]
Rauscher A, Sedlacik J, Barth M, et al. Nonnvasive assessment of vascular architecture and function during modulated blood oxygenation using susceptibility weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med, 2005, 54(1): 87-95.
[18]
Deistung A, Dittrich E, Sedlacik J, et al. ToF-SWI: simultaneous time of flight and fully flow compensated susceptibility weighted imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2009, 29(6): 1478-1484.
[19]
Haacke EM, Mittal S, Wu Z, et al. Susceptibility-weighted imaging: technical aspects and clinical applications, part 1. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2009, 30(1): 19-30.
[20]
Noebauer-Huhmann IM, Pinker K, Barth M, et al. Contrast-enhanced, high-resolution, susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain: dose-dependent optimization at 3 tesla and 1.5 tesla in healthy volunteers. Invest Radiol, 2006, 41(3): 249-255.
[21]
Denk C, Rauscher A. Susceptibility weighted imaging with multiple echoes. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2010, 31(1): 185-191.

PREV MR pulse sequences in the central nervous system: part I
NEXT Development of susceptibility weighted imaging in clinical application
  


LINK


Tel & Fax: +8610-67113815    E-mail: editor@cjmri.cn