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• Technical Article •
Investigating human brain cognition using spiral imaging
SHAO Han-yu  WENG Xu-chu 

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2014.05.012.


[Abstract] Human brain cognition has been mostly investigated with single-short echo-planar imaging (EPI) in order to cover the whole brain within a few seconds. However, the duration of EPI readout is relatively long because it utilizes a Cartesian trajectory to cover k-space and only Gx gradient contributes to the trajectory. The longer duration can result in substantial artifacts from off-resonance and gradient imperfections. Moreover, EPI is sensitive to motion because the first-and higher order moments of the gradient waveforms near the k-space origin is large. Here we present another fast imaging technique, namely spiral imaging for the study of human brain cognition. Spiral samples an Archimedean or similar trajectory to cover k-space that either begins at the k-space center and spirals to the edge (spiral-out), or begins at the edge and ends at the origin (spiral-in). The readout duration of spiral is shorter than that of EPI due to its efficient use of both Gx and Gy gradients to drive the trajectory, and its sensitivity to motion is lower since the gradient moments are low at the center of k-space and increase slowly with time. Spiral is a promising imaging technique in terms of breaking the bottle neck in EPI study of human brain cognition. Specifically, the use of spiral-in/out trajectories in which a spiral-in readout is followed by a spiral-out can simultaneously increase the SNR in uniform brain regions as well as to reduce the signal dropout in regions compromised by susceptibility-induced field gradients. Furthermore, a variable-density spiral, which consists of an Archimedean spiral from the space origin to a user-specified k-space radius and a undersampled variable density spiral from the specified points to the maximum radius, can achieve high temporal and spatial resolution fMRI without loss of SNR using single-short.
[Keywords] Echo-planar imaging；Spiral imaging；Brain；Cognition

SHAO Han-yu Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive impairments, Hangzhou 310015, China

WENG Xu-chu* Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive impairments, Hangzhou 310015, China

*Correspondence to: Weng XC, E-mail: wengxc@psych.ac.cn

Conflicts of interest   None.

Received  2014-04-18
Accepted  2014-05-20
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2014.05.012
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8034.2014.05.012.

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